天气雷达在中国自动气象站实时质量控制系统中的应用  

Application of weather radar in real-time quality control system of hourly gauge precipitation in China

作　　者：张志强[1] 仲凌志[2] 杨和平 

机构地区：[1]国家气象信息中心,北京100081 [2]中国气象科学研究院,北京100081

出　　处：《计算机应用》2017年第A02期298-300,326,共4页journal of Computer Applications

基　　金：2015年气象关键技术集成与应用项目(CMAGJ2015M78);2015年公益性行业(气象)科研专项(GYHY201506001-7)

摘　　要：目前的国家级自动气象站质量控制软件仅仅依靠自动站观测数据的时间、空间相关性验证数据,但是由于降水存在显著的不均匀特性,该方法可能对大降水作出错误判断。为提升质控效果,引入天气雷达定量估测降水技术对自动站降水数据进行有效检验。评估不同阈值间天气雷达定量估测降水与实际降水之间的概率密度函数,构建雷达辅助自动站降水定量质控方法,基于该算法实现天气雷达辅助自动站小时降水质量控制软件,通过对2016年7-9月全国自动站小时降水资料进行的质量控制,结果表明,针对常规质控无法判识的数据,本软件的判识率达到99.99%。目前该软件已经应用于国家级业务系统中,有效提高了自动气象站降水质量控制效果。The current quality control software of hourly gauge precipitation only depends on the spatial and temporal consistencies of rain records. However, this method might make erroneous judgments for heavy precipitation because of its remarkable inhomogeneous features. In order to improve the quality control effect, quantitative estimation of precipitation by weather radar was used to validate the data of automatic station precipitation. In this paper, a radar-aided automatic station precipitation quantitative control method was constructed based on the radar estimation of probability density function with different thresholds and actual precipitation. Based on this algorithm, a quality control software for automatic weather station assisted by weather radar was realized. Through the quality control of the national automatic station hourly precipitation data from July to September in 2016, The results show that, for the data that conventional quality control can not identify, the identification rate of the software is 99. 99%. At present, the software has been applied to the national business system, and effectively improve the automatic weather station precipitation quality control effect.

关 键 词：自动气象站 天气雷达 定量估测降水 质量控制 格点化 

分 类 号：TP319[自动化与计算机技术—计算机软件与理论]