长久不变、制度创新与农地“三权分置”  

The Permanency of Rural Land's Contracting Relation,Institutional Innovation and “Three-Right Separation”

作　　者：刘守英[1] 王佳宁[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学经济学院 [2]《改革》编辑部

出　　处：《改革》2017年第12期5-14,共10页Reform

摘　　要：巩固和完善农村基本经营制度,是深化农村土地制度改革的基本遵循。农地制度的完善基本朝向稳定农民与土地关系并使其长期化的方向,旨在形成农民对土地制度的稳定预期。明确集体所有权、承包权和经营权各自的权利界定与内涵以及三者之间的关系,是创新和实施农地"三权分置"的关键,关乎转型期农地权利体系的重构以及我国农业现代化的路径。集体所有权是农民集体的所有权,土地承包权是赋予集体成员的财产权,土地经营权是各类农业经营主体享有的耕作权。"三权"要同等保护,不可偏废。在放活经营权的同时,要注重加强对承包权的产权保护。A basic adherence of to deepen the reform of the rural land system is to consolidate and perfect the basic management system in rural areas. The improvement of rural land system has generally orientated stabilizing the relationship between farmers and land and making it permanent, which aims at forming a stable expectation for the land system. It is necessary to clear the respective definition, connotation and relationship among collective ownership, contractual rights and management rights, which is the key of innovating and implementing the rural land＇s division of the ownership, contract rights, management rights, and which is related to the reconstruction of farmland right system in transition period and the path of agricultural modernization in China. Collective ownership is the right that belongs to all the farmers. Land contractual rights are the property rights granted to the collective members. Land management right is the right of farming for all kinds of agricultural business organizations to possess it. All of the three kinds of rights could be protected equally and not emphasize one and neglect another.We could loosen up the management right, and at the same time, we could pay attention to perfectly protecting the property right of management rights.

关 键 词：三权分置 农村基本经营制度 农地制度创新 

分 类 号：F301.1[经济管理—产业经济]