蒙新高速公路对阿拉善荒漠区有蹄类野生动物生境适宜性的影响  

Effects of highway from Inner Mongolia to Xinjiang on habitat suitability of ungulates in Alashan desert

作　　者：李帅 张相锋[1] 石建斌[1] 董世魁[1] 高晓霞 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学环境学院,水环境模拟国家重点实验室,北京100875

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2018年第1期103-110,共8页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划重点专项课题(2016YFC0501906)资助.

摘　　要：阿拉善荒漠区是中国8个生物多样性中心之一,已建成通车的蒙新高速公路横穿阿拉善荒漠,该公路为有蹄类野生动物预留了通道。客观评价所设置的野生动物通道的适宜性,对该区有蹄类野生动物的保护具有重要意义。本文以生态位理论为指导,应用模糊综合评价法结合GIS空间数据呈现,对高速公路建设期沿线有蹄类野生动物的生境适宜性本底进行评价。结果表明:通道适宜性指数随着公路由东到西而逐渐降低,在路段K46~K168适宜性指数变化较大,K295~K620变化次之,K641~K891变化较小,饮用水的距离、居民点的距离以及饮用水点的个数是造成变化的主要原因。距离公路不同适宜性指数有显著差异,除去公路要素对于适宜性的影响外,其他要素及其叠加作用对适宜性指数的影响不显著。Alashan desert area is one of the 8 biodiversity protection centers in China, which is passed by the expressway from Inner Mongolia to Xinjiang. The passages for ungulate species have been designed along the highway during the construction. It is of great importance to evaluate the suitability of animal passages for the ungulates. Based on the niche theory, we used fuzzy compre- hensive evaluation method combined with GIS spatial data presentation to evaluate the habitat suitability of ungulate species along the highway in this study. The results show that the suitability index of animal passages declines along the highway from east to west. In the section K46-K168, the suitability index changes greatly, the change of suitability index is the second among the sec- tions of K295-K620, and the change of suitability index is smaller between the sections of K641 -K891. The distance between the drinking water, the distance from the residential area and the number of drinking water points are the main causes of such changes. There is a significant differ- ence in suitability index from the highway. Except for the influence of highway elements on suita- bility, other factors and their superimposed effects on the suitability index are not significant.

关 键 词：阿拉善荒漠区 高速公路 有蹄类野生动物 生境适宜性 

分 类 号：Q958[生物学—动物学]