全球价值链视角下跨国企业垄断利润探析:实现机制与应对策略  

An Analysis of Monopoly Profits of Multinational Corporations from the Perspective of Global Value Chain:Realization Mechanism and Coping Strategy

作　　者：王智强 

机构地区：[1]首都师范大学马克思主义学院,北京100048

出　　处：《税务与经济》2018年第1期16-22,共7页Taxation and Economy

基　　金：北京高校中国特色社会主义理论研究协同创新中心(首都师范大学)"马克思主义与当代中国文化建设"(项目编号:PXM2017_014203_500008)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：跨国企业因控制全球价值链的核心环节而拥有垄断地位。在商品生产端,跨国企业以买方垄断价格向发展中国家的代工企业购买组装完成品,代工企业为了获取利润,不得不利用国内劳动力市场的买方垄断,支付给本国工人低于同劳动生产率成比例的工资,通过倒逼机制,跨国企业将本应归发展中国家工人所有的部分剩余价值转变为自己的垄断利润。在商品销售端,跨国企业通过卖方垄断价格将全球商品购买者的部分工资或利润转变为自己的垄断利润。从全球转移来的剩余价值是跨国企业超额利润的本质来源。发展中国家应采取措施应对跨国企业垄断所引起的剩余价值国际转移给本国经济带来的负效应,就我国而言,应着力培育实力雄厚的跨国企业,构建国家价值链。Multinational corporations have a monopoly position in controlling the core links of the global value chain. In the commodity production side,multinational corporations purchase the finished products from OEMs in developing countries at the monopoly price of the buyers. In order to obtain profits,the OEMs have to make use of monopsony of domestic labor market to pay the salary less than the one which is as the same as the labor productivity to the workers. Multinational corporations turn part of surplus value,which should be owned by workers in developing countries,into their own monopoly profits through reversed transmission mechanism. On the commodity sales side,transnational enterprises turn part of the wages or profits of global commodity buyers into their own monopoly profits through the seller＇s monopoly price. The surplus value transferred from the world is the essential source of excess profits of multinational corporations. The developing countries should take measures to cope with the negative effects of transfer of surplus value on their own economies brought by the monopoly of multinational corporations. For our country,the efforts should be made to cultivate strong multinational enterprises and build a national value chain.

关 键 词：全球价值链 垄断价格 剩余价值转移 跨国企业 垄断利润 

分 类 号：F038.2[经济管理—政治经济学]