晋西北丘陵风沙区人工植被群落分布格局与多样性  

Distribution Pattern and Species Diversity of Artificial Vegetation Communities in Sandy-hilly Region of Northwest Shanxi Province,China

作　　者：张鸾[1] 郭伟[1] 李素清[1] 王晓军[2] 

机构地区：[1]山西大学黄土高原研究所,太原030006 [2]山西大学环境与资源学院,太原030006

出　　处：《林业资源管理》2017年第6期60-66,共7页Forest Resources Management

基　　金：国家青年科学基金项目"晋西北丘陵风沙区不同人工植被恢复模式生态效应研究"(41301609);国家青年科学基金项目"极端气候背景下生态工程建设对区域植被变化影响的评估研究"(41401643);山西省科技重大专项"晋北沙化土地防治的关键技术研究与试验示范"(20121101011)

摘　　要：为了解晋西北丘陵风沙区人工植被群落特征与演替动态,选取右玉县贾家窑流域开展人工植被分布格局和生态特征调查,应用双向指示种分析法(TWINSPAN)和除趋势对应分析法(DCA),分析人工植被群落的组成、结构、分布、生长特征以及物种多样性。结果表明:1)右玉县贾家窑流域人工植被以油松、樟子松、华北落叶松、小叶杨、柠条锦鸡儿和沙棘为主要建群种。2)人工植被存在纯林比重较大、种植过密、管护不利等问题。3)应加强现有人工植被结构的优化调控,加快对小叶杨林的更新改造;加大乔、灌、草复合配置比例;加强人工植被的科学管护;对于樟子松在研究区不能实现自然更新的问题应引起高度重视。The sandy-hilly region of northwest Shanxi where the severe water erosion and wind erosion happened has the most extremely frail eco-environment of Shanxi province. It's also important for sand blocking of Jingjintang region. Jiajiayao watershed,located in Youyu County,is one of the most typical ecological fragile areas in sandy-hilly region of north Shanxi province. Based on the field investigation,the composition,structure,distribution,growth characteristics and species diversity among artificial vegetation communities in Jiajiayao watershed were analyzed using the two-way indicator species analysis( TWINSPAN) and detrended correspondence analysis( DCA). The result showed that Pinus tabulaeformis,Pinus sylvestris mongolica,Larix principis-rupprechtii,Populus simonii,Caragana korshinskii and Hippophae rhamnoides were the dominant species of artificial plant communities. Plants in the area had the following problems,Populus simonii degradation,greater proportion of pure forest,high planting density and improp-er management. Thus,we get the conclusion that in order to enrich the community structure and optimize the ecological function of the plant community,accelerate the renovation of Populus simonii,In the meanwhile,mixed pure forest with arbor,shrub and grass shoud increase with appropriate proportion. The management of artificial vegetation shall be strengthened. Avoiding the effects of excessive human disturbance on plant community development is very important. Moreover,local forestry department should give enough attention to Pinus sylvestris mongolica for its lost natural regeneration ability in study area.

关 键 词：人工植被 数量分析 多样性 丘陵风沙区 

分 类 号：S162.5[农业科学—农业气象学]