PM 2.5和空气质量指数对耳鼻咽喉科急症的影响  

The effects of PM 2.5 and air quality index on the emergency of otolaryngology

作　　者：李燕萍[1] 许洪波[2] 魏洁[1] 李栋[1] 薛刚[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北北方学院附属第一医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科,河北张家口075000 [2]首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院耳鼻咽喉-头颈外科

出　　处：《临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志》2018年第1期7-11,共5页Journal of Clinical Otorhinolaryngology Head And Neck Surgery

摘　　要：目的:探讨PM 2.5和空气质量指数(AQI)对耳鼻咽喉科急症的影响。方法:选择2015年在北京同仁医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科就诊的急性中耳炎、鼻出血、急性会厌炎患者以及同期北京市AQI数值和PM 2.5浓度逐日数据作为实验组1;选择2015年在河北北方学院附属第一医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科就诊的同类患者以及同期张家口市AQI数值和PM 2.5浓度作为实验组2。统计2组各病种急诊数量及与PM 2.5和AQI数值之间的关系;按AQI数值将全部数据进行分组,统计各组发病率之间的差异。结果:2个实验组急性中耳炎、鼻出血的发病率都有随PM 2.5浓度和AQI数值变化而变化的趋势,2组之间呈正相关;而急性会厌炎发病率随PM 2.5浓度和AQI数值变化差异不明显,二者之间无明显相关性;当空气质量达到重度及以上污染时,急性中耳炎和鼻出血的发病率与空气质量为优良时的发病率相比,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:随着PM 2.5暴露水平的增加,急性中耳炎、鼻出血的发病率会随之增大,PM 2.5浓度和AQI数值的增加是急性中耳炎、鼻出血发病的一个健康风险因素。Objective：To discuss the effects of PM 2.5 and air quality index on the emergency of otolaryngology.Method：Collect in 2015 Beijing tongren hospital emergency department patients with acute otitis media,epistaxis,acute epiglottitis as well as the same time Beijing AQI value and the PM 2.5 density data as the experimental group 1,chooses in 2015 first Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University similar patient as well as the same time Zhangjiakou AQI value and the PM 2.5 density as the experimental group 2.Statistics the quantity of each sickness of two groups,and the relationships with PM 2.5 and AQI value;Group all data by AQI value and statistics the differences in the incidence rates of each group.Result：The number of cases of acute otitis media and epistaxis in the 2 experimental group were all correlated with the change of PM 2.5 and AQI value,and the correlation was positive between the two groups,However,the incidence of acute epiglottitis was not significantly correlated with the concentration of PM 2.5 and AQI,and there was no significant correlation between the two.The air quality when severe and more pollution when the number of the cases of acute otitis media and epistaxis compared with good air quality for the number of P〈0.05,the difference was statistically significant.Conclusion：The increase of PM 2.5 concentration and AQI index is a health risk factor for acute otitis media and epistaxis.

关 键 词：空气质量指数 PM 2 5 急性中耳炎 鼻出血 急性会厌炎 

分 类 号：R76[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科]