计及需求响应的智能化微网频率紧急控制策略  

Intelligent Frequency Emergency Control Strategy Considering Demand Response in the Micro-grid

作　　者：李顺[1] 唐飞[1] 廖清芬[1] 刘涤尘[1] 赵红生[2] 黄涌[2] 蔡昌松[1] 

机构地区：[1]武汉大学电气工程学院,湖北省武汉市430072 [2]国家电网湖北省电力公司经济技术研究院,湖北省武汉市430077

出　　处：《中国电机工程学报》2018年第1期51-60,共10页Proceedings of the CSEE

基　　金：国家电网公司科技项目“多区域安控系统协调及在线诊断、辅助决策技术研发应用”~~

摘　　要：随着分布式能源的迅猛发展，未来电网将呈现出大型电网与微网协调并存的局面。传统频率紧急控制方法主要以大电网为研究对象，故该文针对微网特征提出一种智能化控制策略以适用于分布式电源接入的微网：通过合理设置频率阈值来避免故障时急剧的频率偏移对微网稳定性的威胁；考虑对系统功率缺额实施动态估算，以准确选择负荷控制量；研究系统等效惯性常数的精确计算方法，从而降低策略的实施误差；计及需求响应的协调配置来减少策略控制代价。基于此，将所提策略设置为基于需求响应和基于低频减载两个主控制模块，并制定策略实施的具体流程。同时，在理论上对所提功率缺额动态估算的准确性进行证明。最后，在IEEE13节点微网中仿真，分析表明：在不同场景下，所提策略均能有效保障系统频率稳定；由于需求响应的合理应用，其控制代价也能有所降低。With the development of distributed energy resources, the future grid will show the coexistence of large-scale grid and micro-grid. The traditional frequency emergency control methods mainly adopt the large-scale grid as the research object. Therefore, this paper proposed a novel intelligent control strategy which can be applied in the micro-grid. In order to avoid the threat of sudden frequency deviation to the micro-grid stability we set the frequency thresholds reasonably. We considered the dynamic estimation of the system power shortage to decide accurately the load control amount. Moreover we investigated the exact calculation for the system equivalent inertia constant, so as to reduce the operational error of the emergency control. We also took the coordinated mechanism of demand response into account to decrease the control cost. Based on the above, the proposed strategy was divided into two main control modules （DR-based module and UFLS-based module）, and the detailed flowchart was designed. Meanwhile, the accuracy of the dynamic estimation for power shortage was theoretically proved. Finally, the simulation results in the IEEE 13-bus micro-grid show that, in different scenarios, our method can effectively guarantee the system frequency stability while the control cost can be lowered due to the application of the demand response mechanism.

关 键 词：微网 频率稳定 频率紧急控制 需求响应 低频 减载 

分 类 号：TM73[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]