新加坡高等教育治理如何走向现代化——基于“治理均衡器”的理论框架  

How Does Singapore's Higher Education Governance Move Toward Modernization?—— Based on Theoretical Framework of "Governance Equalizer"

作　　者：王思懿 姚荣[2] 

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学高等教育研究院,上海200240 [2]南京师范大学教育科学学院,南京210097

出　　处：《比较教育研究》2018年第1期3-12,共10页International and Comparative Education

基　　金：国家社会科学基金"十二五"规划2013年度教育学一般课题"大学内部治理的理论与实践研究"(BIA130064)的阶段性研究成果

摘　　要：受新公共管理运动的影响,自20世纪80年代末以来在新加坡开启以大学自主改革为核心议题的高等教育治理现代化之路。其具体改革举措包括:确立大学公司法人制度;实施弹性拨款机制;引入绩效协议机制;强化质量保障机制等。基于此,新加坡高等教育治理的"均衡器"开始形塑,国家规制、学术自治、管理自治、利益相关者引导、竞争等治理机制之间开始形成彼此界分和动态制衡的互动关系。其中,传统的国家规制开始转型,学术自治在一定程度上被削弱,而管理自治、利益相关者引导以及竞争等治理机制持续强化。新加坡高等教育治理现代化的经验表明,五种治理机制之间的互动关系,不应被简单地视为冲突对立关系,而应将其视为既动态制衡又合作互补的关系。任何一种治理机制的过度强化、弱化抑或"异化",均可能对高等教育治理构成结构性的危害。Affected by the new public management movement, Singapore began to transform towards higher education governance modernization in which university independent reform as the core issue in the late 1980s. The specific reform initiatives include： establishing university corporate system, implementing flexible funding mechanism, introducing performance agreement mechanism, and strengthening the quahty assurance mechanism. Based on these, the ＂equalizer＂ of Singapore higher education governance began to form, state regulation, academic self-governance, managerial self-governance, stakeholder guidance and competition mechanism start to form the distinctive and balanced interaction relationship, in which traditional state regulation began to transform, academic self-governance is weakened to a certain extent, while managerial self-governance, stakeholder guidance and competition mechanism continue to strengthen. The experience of Singapore higher education modernization suggests that the interaction among the five governance mechanisms should not simply be seen as conflicting relationship, but rather as dynamic, balanced cooperative and complementary relationship. Excessive strengthening, weakening or ＂alienation＂ of any kind of governance mechanism may constitute structural harm to higher education governance.

关 键 词：新加坡 新公共管理 高等教育治理现代化 治理均衡器 

分 类 号：G649.339[文化科学—高等教育学]