河水滴灌重力沉沙过滤池中浑水流场分布规律  

Study on characteristics of muddy water flow field in gravity sand sedimentation pool for drip irrigation with river water

作　　者：陶洪飞[1] 戚印鑫 杨海华[1] 马英杰[1] 赵经华[1] 郑文强[1] 刘亚丽[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学水利与土木工程学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830052 [2]新疆水利水电科学研究院水工河工研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐830049

出　　处：《排灌机械工程学报》2017年第9期785-791,共7页Journal of Drainage and Irrigation Machinery Engineering

基　　金：新疆农业大学博士后基金资助项目;"十二五"国家科技支撑计划项目(2011BAD29B05);新疆水利水电工程重点学科基金资助项目(xjslgczdxk20101202)

摘　　要：为研究河水滴灌重力沉沙过滤池中的水力特性及流场分布规律,采用Fluent软件中的标准k-ε模型和混合物模型计算了其关键建筑物沉沙池内的水沙两相流流场,并将数值计算结果与物理试验实测数据进行了对比,发现数值计算结果与物理试验结果吻合较好,采用的数学模型可以模拟沉沙池中的水沙两相流运动过程,具有一定的准确性和可靠度.根据数值计算结果可知:沉沙池中浑水流速沿水深方向上的变化规律包含流速迅速增大、流速快速减小及流速恒定3个阶段;含沙量沿水深方向上的分布规律可分为清水层、等浓度层、沉降层和压缩层.基于数值计算结果,提出沉沙池尾部和侧向溢流堰处应采取一定措施,防止水流产生局部回流和旋涡,减少泥沙被带出沉沙池外,从而提高水沙分离效率.Gravity sand sedimentation pool （GSSP） for drip irrigation with river water is a new mea- sure of removing sediment in hydraulic engineering. It has been proved to be a highly efficient water- saving technique because it needs less land, smaller investment, easier maintenance, larger control area, no energy consumption, and lower operation cost. To study the hydraulic performance and flow field characteristics of GSSP, the standard k - e turbulence model and mixture model were adopted to calculate the sand-water two phase flows in the grit chambers of a GSSP. The numerically simulated re- sults were contrasted with the experimental data, and it was found that the numerical data are in good agreement with the measurements on a physical model. It suggests that the mathematical model adopted can simulate the sand-water two phase flows in the chamber with a certain accuracy and reliability. Based on velocity distributions in the vertical direction, a velocity profile has three different patterns, rapid increase, quick decrease and constant pattern. The sand concentration profile showed four diffe- rent layers, namely pure water layer, constant concentration layer, subsidence layer and compressed layer. Based on simulated flow fields, a measure should be implemented in the last grit chamber and lateral weir to avoid local reverse flows and vortexes because they can take sediments away with filtered water. As a result, the water-sediment separation efficiency can be improved.

关 键 词：重力沉沙过滤池 数值模拟 含沙量 流速 流场 

分 类 号：S277.9[农业科学—农业水土工程] TV14[农业科学—农业工程]