建筑架空高度及风向对行人区微气候的影响评估  

Delayed Detached Eddy Simulation of Pedestrian Level Microclimate around an Elevated Building with Different Elevated Heights and Approaching Wind Directions

作　　者：刘建麟 牛建磊[1,3] 张宇峰 

机构地区：[1]香港理工大学屋宇设备工程学系 [2]华南理工大学亚热带建筑科学国家重点实验室,广东广州510640 [3]School of Architecture, Design and Planning, The University of Sydney

出　　处：《建筑科学》2017年第12期117-124,共8页Building Science

基　　金：华南理工大学亚热带建筑科学国家重点实验室开放基金资助项目"亚热带城市小区室外风环境和热舒适实测及空间相关分析研究"(2016ZB04)

摘　　要：来流风向与建筑设计对建筑小区内的微气候有重要影响。建筑架空作为亚热带常见的设计之一,已被证明于高密度城市里可改善建筑周围行人区的低风速境况。然而,该设计对其周边微气候(风环境和热舒适)的影响程度并未深入量化分析。本文通过计算流体CFD,探究四种不同架空高度及3种风向对架空建筑周边行人区微气候的影响程度。CFD模拟选用DDES模型,并将CFD预测与风洞试验进对比,两者相关系数为0.96。同时,室外热舒适性选用生理等效温度(PET)作为指标进行评估。结果表明,建筑侧面高风速区随架空高度与建筑高度比h/H的增大而呈缩小趋势。当来流方向与建筑成90°时,架空下行人区的风速显著偏低且体感更热,这不利于改善亚热带城区夏季风环境和行人热舒适。本文给出了DDES模型用于分析建筑架空高度和风向对影响行人区风环境和热舒适的参考,对未来城市微气候设计有指导意义。Elevated height and approaching wind direction play important roles in pedestrian level microclimate around an elevated building in precinct scale. The elevated design is able to improve the weak wind condition in the high-dense city,while the quantified wind amplification rate of the design around the elevated building is not clear enough. In the present study,wind environment and thermal comfort conditions were simulated by using delayed detached eddy simulation（DDES） model and physiological equivalent temperature（PET） in the building surrounding for four different elevated heights and three wind directions,respectively. The predicted mean wind velocity was compared with the wind tunnel test,and the correlation coefficient was 0. 96. Results indicate that the area of wind amplification at the building lateral sides are shrunk with the increasing ratio of height h/H.Meanwhile,weaker wind condition and warmer thermal condition are demonstrated at open space underneath the elevated building at the case of the 90° between the wind direction and the building than those of the 0° and 45°.The findings are helpful for urban planners in their future design for the urban microclimate and thermal comfort.

关 键 词：城市微气候 建筑架空设计 DDES模型 行人区风环境 

分 类 号：TU831[建筑科学—供热、供燃气、通风及空调工程]