有机平面pn异质结发光二极管材料与器件  

Organic planar pn heterojunction light-emitting diodes: Materials and devices

作　　者：陈东成[1] 苏仕健[1] 马於光[1] 

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学发光材料与器件国家重点实验室,广州510640

出　　处：《科学通报》2017年第35期4090-4098,共9页Chinese Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2016YFB0401000);国家自然科学基金(51625301;51603071);中国博士后科学基金(2016M590775;2017T100628)资助

摘　　要：有机发光二极管(OLED)在新型显示和固态照明等领域有着广泛的应用潜力,在可穿戴设备、手机、电视等显示产品上已经实现了较大规模的商业化应用,未来预计在柔性显示领域将具有更为突出的应用前景.为进一步降低OLED材料与器件的制备成本,近些年来,大量的研究聚焦于开发不含有稀有金属、兼具低成本和高性能优势的OLED材料与器件.本文综述了基于纯有机半导体材料、利用层间电荷转移来构筑OLED的研究进展,着重讨论了有机平面pn异质结发光二极管(pn-OLED)概念的提出,以及相应的有机半导体材料与器件等方面的进展,并对该类型器件目前发展中遇到的问题,以及将来在发光晶体管、电泵浦激光器等领域潜在的应用进行了讨论.Organic light-emitting diodes （OLEDs） have been widely applicable in the flat-panel display products, such as mo- bile phones and television. They also possess more outstanding application advantages in the area of wearable dis- play products in the future and have a great potential to serve as a key competitor in the next-generation solid-state lighting technology. For the commercial OLED products, phosphorescent materials that contain the rare metals are essential. This is because that phosphorescent OLEDs can give more efficient radiation, as the result of harvesting both singlet and triplet excitons for radiative utilization, in contrast to traditional fluorescent emitters. However, because of the limited resources of the rare metals, e.g., indium, on the earth, the phosphorescent materials are ra- ther expensive, and their sustainable supply are also questionable. Besides, the long-term stability of blue phospho- rescent emitters are also challenging. To further lower the fabrication cost of materials and devices, numerous re- search efforts have been devoted to developing rare-metal-free, purely organic light-emitting materials, which could be more low-cost and still exhibit excellent electroluminescence performances. In this review, we firstly introduce the evolution of OLED materials and devices. The OLED materials could be roughly classified into three generations. For the 1st generation traditional fluorescent emitters, three quarters of electro-generated excitons are wasted as heat release, due to the spin forbidden rule of triplets. This suggests that the OLEDs employing traditional fluorescent emitters could only achieve a maximum internal quantum efficiency of 25%. For the 2nd generation phosphorescent emitters, the spin orbital coupling due to heavy atom effect results in the mixing of singlet and triplet energy levels, and make triplet radiative transition feasible. Thereby, phospho- rescent OLEDs can obtain a maximum internal quantum efficiency close to 100%. Recently, the 3rd generation hy-

关 键 词：有机发光二极管 pn异质结 三线态激子 电致发光 有机半导体 

分 类 号：TN383.1[电子电信—物理电子学]