不同的施肥用药组合对黄瓜产量及成本效益影响的研究  

Effect of Different Combinations of Fertilization and Pesticide Application on Yield and Cost-effectiveness of Cucumber

作　　者：兰梅[1] 钟利[1] 张丽波 张丽琴[1] 

机构地区：[1]云南省农业科学院园艺作物研究所/国家蔬菜改良中心云南分中心,昆明650205 [2]云南省大理州弥渡县种子管理站,云南弥渡675600

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2017年第36期52-57,共6页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研专项"西南水旱轮作区规模化周年高效生产技术研究与示范"(201303129);国家大宗蔬菜产业技术体系"国家现代农业产业技术体系大宗蔬菜昆明综合试验站"(CARS-25-G-45)

摘　　要：为了黄瓜种植时合理的施用肥料和农药提供参考,缓解当前严重的环境污染和蔬菜农药残留超标问题,探讨不同的施肥用药情况对黄瓜产量以及成本投入的影响。以黄瓜为试材,设置4个不同的处理,分别为T1(习惯施肥+习惯用药,CK)、T2(习惯施肥+推荐用药)、T3(推荐施肥+习惯用药)、T4(推荐施肥+推荐用药)。结果表明:T4处理在肥料和药剂的种类数量上比对照处理少得多,并且对黄瓜的产量还起到了增产的作用,在黄瓜全采收期增产了7003.5 kg/hm^2,增产率达到了19.25%;在节本增效上效果也显著,跟对照相比,T4处理节本达到10941元/hm^2,增效达到31951.5元/hm^2。该试验获得了理想的结果,以较低的投入得到了较高的收益,可以为黄瓜种植者在肥料选择和喷施农药时提供参考,为缓解现在日趋严重的农田土壤生态环境奠定基础。To provide reference for rational fertilization and pesticide application in cucumber plantation, and relieve the problem of environmental pollution and vegetable pesticide residues, the authors discussed the effect of different combinations of fertilization and pesticide application on cucumber yield and cost input. Four treatments were conducted, including T1（conventional fertilization＋ conventional pesticide application, CK）,T2（conventional fertilization ＋ recommended pesticide application）, T3（recommended fertilization ＋conventional pesticide application） and T4（recommended fertilization ＋ recommended pesticide application）.The results showed that T4 had fewer kinds of fertilizers and pesticides than that of T1, and had yield increase effect on cucumber, the yield increase was 7003.5 kg/hm^2 and the increase rate was 19.25%; it also had obvious effect on cost-saving and benefit-increasing, the cost was saved by 10941 yuan/hm^2 and the benefit was increased by 31951.5 yuan/hm^2. The results of this experiment were satisfactory, higher benefit was obtained with lower input. The research could provide references for cucumber planter to choose fertilizer and pesticide, and lay a foundation for alleviating the ecological soil problems.

关 键 词：黄瓜 施肥用药 成本效益 

分 类 号：S143.92[农业科学—肥料学]