荒漠草原区家庭牧场退化草地恢复管理措施研究  

Restoration and Management Measures for Degraded Grasslands of Family Ranches in Desert Steppe Area

作　　者：田秀民[1] 马春霞 邢恩德[1] 

机构地区：[1]水利部牧区水利科学研究所,呼和浩特010010 [2]内蒙古水土保持监测站,呼和浩特010020

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2017年第36期105-110,共6页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金："十三五"国家重点研发计划项目"暖温性荒漠草原区退化草地修复及生产力提升技术研发与示范"(2016YFC0500505)

摘　　要：为探索荒漠草原区家庭生态牧场退化草地恢复治理措施,2014—2017年开展了对3户家庭生态牧场退化草地恢复管理措施试验。结果表明:补播措施和划破加补播措施明显提高了退化草地地上生物量、植被盖度及草群高度,对物种丰富度的影响不显著,补播措施地上生物量增加51.6%~58.4%,划破加补播处理地上生物量增加48.3%~48.9%;第3年,补播处理、划破加补播处理植被盖度较第1年的对照增加50.2%~70.8%,草群高度增加52.1%~69.8%;补播措施和划破加补播措施使杂草类在总生物量中的比例降低至10%左右,莎草类降低至14%左右。综合评价后,补播、划破加补播措施为当地家庭生态牧场退化草地恢复的有效管理措施;可以为荒漠草原区家庭生态牧场退化草地恢复治理提供技术支持。To study the restoration management measures of degraded grassland in desert steppe area,degraded grassland restoration experiment of 3 family ranches was carried out from 2014 to 2017. The results showed that the after-culture treatment and ripping film ＋ after-culture treatment significantly improved the aboveground biomass, vegetation coverage and grassland height of degraded grassland, there was no significant effect on species richness, after-culture treatment increased aboveground biomass by 51.6%-58.4%, and that of ripping film ＋ after-culture treatment was 48.3%-48.9%. In the third year, the vegetation coverage of after-culture treatment and ripping film ＋ after-culture treatment increased by 50.2%-70.8% compared with the first year, and grassland height increased by 52.1%-69.8%. After-culture treatment and ripping film ＋ after-culture treatment reduced forb biomass to about 10%, and sedge biomass reduced to about 14%.Comprehensive evaluation showed that after-culture treatment and ripping film ＋ after-culture treatment were the effective management measures for restoration of degraded grassland, and the study could provide technical support for the restoration of degraded grassland in the desert steppe area.

关 键 词：家庭生态牧场 管理措施 退化草地 恢复治理 

分 类 号：S157.4[农业科学—土壤学]