供热管线有限空间缺氧窒息危害现场检测及分析  

On the field testing and the analysis of the anoxia asphyxia in the confined space for pipeline heating treatment

作　　者：刘艳[1] 谭聪[1] 汪彤[1] 秦妍[1] 刘东亮 胡玢[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京市劳动保护科学研究所,北京100054

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2017年第6期2180-2184,共5页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：北京市博士后科研活动经费项目(2016ZZ-82);北京市自然科学基金项目(8152014);北京市科学技术研究院青年骨干项目(201407);"十二五"国家科技支撑计划课题(2015BAK40B03)

摘　　要：为了研究供热管线有限空间内部环境的特点及缺氧现状,先对北京市不同区域内73个不同条件下的供热检查小室进行了现场检测,对其内部氧气体积分数、二氧化碳体积分数、温度、湿度、空间尺寸等参数进行了现场实测;然后采用统计分析方法,对小室内氧气体积分数和二氧化碳体积分数的特性及氧气体积分数与各参数的关系进行了分析,定性确定出温度、湿度等参数对氧气体积分数的影响。结果表明:在密闭性较好、温度低于25℃或高于30℃、高湿环境的情况下,供热有限空间的缺氧现象均更为严重,且缺氧环境还普遍存在二氧化碳体积分数偏高的现象。The paper is focused on a study of the anoxia asphyxia working conditions and the pipeline confined heating space in hoping to improve and protect the workers＇ working safety by providing necessary prevention and controlling measures. The study topic has been chosen on account of the rare attention and concern for the extremely limited pipeline confined space and the risk and safety of the workers. For example,little has been discussed and explored on the heating pipeline confined space wherein the workers have to enter and move into for inspection and repairing operations in spite of high temperature,high humidity and severe hypoxia. To solve the problem better,we have chosen 73 heating inspection wells with different conditions as the case study sample,with such indexes,as the volume fraction of oxygen,carbon dioxide,the inner temperature,humidity and the space disconfort for the inspection activities to be done. At the same time,we have done an analysis of the volume fraction features of the oxygen and carbon dioxide components over there through a statistical analysis and qualitatively determined the influence of the temperature and humidity on the oxygen content rate from the point of view of the relation between the oxygen volume fraction and the measured parameters. The results of the aforementioned analysis indicate that,the oxygen volume fraction in the inspection wells in the pile-sealed-up conditions turn out to be very thin with the carbon dioxide volume fraction being very great. More statistically speaking,the average oxygen volume fraction over there can be illustrated as 15. 6%,17. 8% and 18. 3%,respectively,whereas the carbon dioxide volume fraction are correspondingly 8. 476 ×10-3,5. 539 × 10-3 and 4. 419 × 10-3. The data we have thus gained indicate that there exists negative correlation between the volume fraction of the oxygen and carbon dioxide,which can be predicted to be caused by the carbon dioxide given off in the process of oxygen consumption or the carbon dioxide accumulation. The

关 键 词：安全工程 供热管线 有限空间 氧气体积分数 现场检测 

分 类 号：X928.03[环境科学与工程—安全科学]