Bahri Mamluk muqarnas portals in Egypt： Survey and analysis  

作　　者：Mohamad Kashef 

机构地区：[1]ALHOSN University, Abu Dhabi 38772, United Arab Emirates

出　　处：《Frontiers of Architectural Research》2017年第4期487-503,共17页建筑学研究前沿（英文版）

摘　　要：Muqarnas （stalactite vault） is a distinctive structural and configurational feature of Islamic architecture. It is used to provide a transition from a square plan to a circular perimeter, thus allowing a domicat or semi-domical space to be erected above a square or rectangular layout. It is similar to the Roman pendentive in its structural logic but quite different in form and architectonic detail. The use of muqarnas has become ubiquitous in Islamic architecture and was applied structurally and decoratively above major spaces in mosques and mausoleums, wall niches, facades, arches, friezes, and entrance typological, and stylistic analysis of Bahri Mamluk portals. This paper provides a historical, rnuqarnas portals developed in Cairo, Egypt during the 13th and 14th centuries. Due to the complexity and breadth of this undertaking, the current study focuses on the earliest 10 monuments that exemplify the type and examines the origin, meaning, and development of muqarnas portals in Egypt. Local and foreign influences are analyzed with an eye on identifying similarities and variations in terms of constructability, geometry, and complexity of muqarnas configurations. The paper concludes with a discussion of the primary innovative features of Bahri Mamiuk Muqarnas and their effect on subsequent muqarnas development in Egypt.Muqarnas （stalactite vault） is a distinctive structural and configurational feature of Islamic architecture. It is used to provide a transition from a square plan to a circular perimeter, thus allowing a domicat or semi-domical space to be erected above a square or rectangular layout. It is similar to the Roman pendentive in its structural logic but quite different in form and architectonic detail. The use of muqarnas has become ubiquitous in Islamic architecture and was applied structurally and decoratively above major spaces in mosques and mausoleums, wall niches, facades, arches, friezes, and entrance typological, and stylistic analysis of Bahri Mamluk portals. This paper provides a historical, rnuqarnas portals developed in Cairo, Egypt during the 13th and 14th centuries. Due to the complexity and breadth of this undertaking, the current study focuses on the earliest 10 monuments that exemplify the type and examines the origin, meaning, and development of muqarnas portals in Egypt. Local and foreign influences are analyzed with an eye on identifying similarities and variations in terms of constructability, geometry, and complexity of muqarnas configurations. The paper concludes with a discussion of the primary innovative features of Bahri Mamiuk Muqarnas and their effect on subsequent muqarnas development in Egypt.

关 键 词：Muqarnas Mosque portals Mamluk architecture Islamic geometricornament 

分 类 号：TU0[建筑科学]