恒流环形腔多油垫静压推力轴承油膜刚度特性  

Oil film stiffness characteristics of constant fluid hydrostatic thrust bearing with annular cavity multi-pads

作　　者：于晓东[1] 耿磊 郑小军 王梓璇 张艳芹[1] 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨理工大学机械动力工程学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150080

出　　处：《哈尔滨工程大学学报》2017年第12期1951-1956,共6页Journal of Harbin Engineering University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51375123);黑龙江省自然科学基金项目(E2016040)

摘　　要：油膜刚度影响静压推力轴承振动幅值和承载能力,严重时将导致静压推力轴承摩擦副接触失效,影响立式数控装备的加工精度和运行稳定性。为了避免此现象发生,本文根据润滑理论和摩擦学原理对恒流环形腔多油垫静压推力轴承油膜刚度进行研究,分析润滑油粘度、工作台旋转速度和承载重量等因素对油膜刚度的影响规律,并进行了实验验证。结果表明:润滑油粘度对油膜刚度有一定的影响,考虑粘度变化时油膜刚度大,计算结果相对精确。空载和承载工况条件下,随着旋转工作台转速增加,间隙油膜变薄,油膜刚度变大。相同旋转速度条件下,承载时油膜厚度小于空载时油膜厚度,承载时油膜刚度大于空载时油膜刚度。理论计算结果与实验值吻合较好,所得结论可为静压推力轴承油膜厚度控制系统设计提供理论依据,提高立式数控加工装备运行稳定性。The stiffness of oil film affects the vibration amplitude and carrying capacity of hydrostatic thrust bearing. This condition leads to contact failure of thrust bearing friction pairs under serious working conditions and affects the machining accuracy and running stability of vertical CNC equipment. To prevent this problem, the oil-film stiffness of constant fluid hydrostatic thrust bearing with annular cavity multi-pads was studied based on the theory of lubrication and tribology principle, and the effects of lubricating oil viscosity, worktable rotational speed, and load weight on oil- film stiffness were analyzed. Then, an experiment was conducted, and the results indicate that the viscosity change of lubricating oil has a certain influence on the oil-film stiffness. As the oil-film stiffness is larger when the viscosity changes , the calculation result is relatively accurate. The clearance of oil film becomes thin and oil-film stiffness in- creases with faster rotational speed of the workbench under non-load and on-load working conditions. The oil-film thickness under the conditions of on-load is less than that of non-load, and oil film stiffness of on-load is higher than that of non-load under the same rotational speed. The theoretical calculation results are in good agreement with the experimental values. The conclusion can provide a theoretical basis for the design of hydrostatic thrust bearing and the oil-film thickness control system to improve the operation stability of vertical CNC machining equipment.

关 键 词：油膜刚度特性 恒流环形腔多油垫 静压推力轴承 高速重载特性 理论分析 实验研究 

分 类 号：TH133.3[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]