梅花鹿瘤胃微生物的研究进展  

Research Progress of Sika Deer(Cervus nippon) Rumen Microorganism

作　　者：韦海婷 刘晗璐[1] 李光玉[1] 刘晓颖[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院特产研究所,长春130112

出　　处：《基因组学与应用生物学》2017年第12期5217-5222,共6页Genomics and Applied Biology

基　　金：吉林省科技厅重大科技攻关专项资金(20140203018NY)资助

摘　　要：梅花鹿多生活于森林边缘或山地草原地区,主要分布于中国、日本和俄罗斯,多以树木嫩枝、树叶、青草为食,好舔食盐碱,其对狼毒花、飞燕草和富含单宁的枝叶等这些含有毒素的植物具有耐受性,且具有独特的药用价值,属于国家一级保护动物,故对梅花鹿纤维素消化能力的研究具有重要意义。梅花鹿瘤胃内存在复杂的微生物区系,其中可降解结构性碳水化合物的微生物数量巨大,它们通过分泌各种消化酶,高效地降解采食的嫩枝、树叶、牧草等粗饲料。本课题主要从梅花鹿瘤胃微生物的组成特征、纤维素降解的机制以及可能的影响因素等几个方面进行简单综述,同时结合已有研究进展及微生物资源利用现状,对梅花鹿瘤胃微生物资源的应用前景进行了进一步地展望。Sika deers mainly live in the mountain steppe area or the edge of forest, which mainly distribute in China, Japan and Russia. They live on twigs, leaves and grass, and prefer lapping the saline and alkali. Sika deers can tolerate some toxic species such as Euphorbia flowers, larkspur as well as branch and leaves which were rich in tannins, etc. They have unique medicinal value and belong to the first class national protected animals. Thus,researches on the cellulose digestion of sika deer have important significance. Microbiota which exists in the rumen of sika deer is quite complex and there are large amount of microorganism which can utilize the structural carbohydrates. They secrete various digestive enzymes, and efficiently degrade the ingestion twigs, leaves, grass and other roughage. In this research, the component characteristics of microorganism, the mechanisms and influence factor of cellulose degradation in sika deer were briefly summarized. Combined with the existing research progress and the utilization status of microbial resources, application prospect of the rumen microbial in sika deer were also ulteriorly prospected.

关 键 词：梅花鹿 瘤胃微生物 纤维素代谢 

分 类 号：S825[农业科学—畜牧学]