中国雷达强天气预警信息质量控制与集成应用  

Quality Control and Integrated Application of Weather Radar Warning Information in China

作　　者：孟昭林[1] 季承荔[1] 郭志梅[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国气象局气象探测中心,北京100081

出　　处：《气象科技》2017年第6期955-961,共7页Meteorological Science and Technology

基　　金：气象行业专项(GYHY201506024);高原大气与环境四川省重点实验室开放课题(PAEKL-2016-C6)资助

摘　　要：冰雹和龙卷等强对流天气容易产生严重气象灾害,而雷达可以为强对流天气提供高时效的监测信息。针对当前雷达业务系统仅提供单站预警,且强天气识别算法缺乏本地优化等问题,研究了全国雷达预警信息组网集成技术,为大范围监测中小尺度强对流天气提供及时高效的参考信息;通过对全国高空站3年0℃层高度资料的统计分析表明,雷达监测冰雹等算法的0℃层高度应在3~6km范围动态调整,提出了雷达强天气预警动态本地化等综合质量控制方法。通过质控前后统计分析表明,质量控制可以有效降低雷达预警的虚警率,虚警剔除率可达到95%以上;与雷电观测资料的检验结果显示,质控后的雷达预警信息与雷电分布具有较好的契合度。将基于上述组网集成与质量控制的综合技术应用于2016年6月23日盐城龙卷强天气监测,取得了较好的应用效果。Weather radar can provide early warning information of strong convective weather disasters such as hail and tornado.There are problems that radar provides only warning products on the site,and strong weather detection algorithms are not locally optimized.This paper studies the radar warning information integration technology to provide timely and efficient information for a wide range of strong convective weather.The statistical analysis of the 0℃level height data of 3 years indicates that the 0℃level height should be adjusted dynamically in 3 to 5 km for the Hail Detection Algorithm,and a dynamic localization comprehensive quality control method is put forward.Through the statistical analysis before and after quality control,it is shown that quality control can effectively reduce the false alarm rate of radar warning by more than 95%.The test results of lightning observation data show that the quality of radar warning information is better with the lightning distribution.Good application effectiveness is achieved in the 2016-6-23 Yancheng tornado disaster weather warning based on the network integration and the integrated application of quality control.

关 键 词：天气雷达 冰雹 龙卷 中气旋 质量控制 集成应用 太阳高度 

分 类 号：P415.2[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]