全国陆生野生动物调查单元区划方案  

China's zoogeographical regionalization based on terrestrial vertebrates

作　　者：郜二虎[1] 何杰坤 王志臣[1] 徐扬 唐小平[1] 江海声[2] 

机构地区：[1]国家林业局调查规划设计院,北京100714 [2]华南师范大学生命科学学院,广州510631

出　　处：《生物多样性》2017年第12期1321-1330,共10页Biodiversity Science

基　　金：全国第二次陆生野生动物资源调查项目

摘　　要：我国早期的动物地理区划主要依靠专家知识和经验,缺乏系统的定量分析,而且部分基本区划单元内的动物生态成分差异仍然较大,使其在野生动物保护管理应用中受到一定限制。为满足野生动物保护管理的需要,尤其为满足全国第二次陆生野生动物资源调查的需要,我们在张荣祖"中国动物地理区划"的基础上,进行了全国野生动物调查单元区划。将全国陆地区域划分为5 km×5 km的网格,基于1,784种陆栖脊椎动物(262种两栖动物、358种爬行动物、814种鸟类、350种兽类)的分布数据,对各网格内的动物分布型比例及自然环境因子进行聚类分析。根据聚类结果,并结合指示物种的分布情况以及省级行政区划界线,将全国划分为2界7区19亚区54个动物地理省239个生态地理单元310个调查单元。与张荣祖"中国动物地理区划"方案相比,界、区、亚区、动物地理省的数量一致,边界走向基本一致,但也有一些界线不同,而且增加了"生态地理单元"和"调查单元"2级区划单元。China＇s previous zoogeographical regionalization designations were delineated according to expert knowledge and experience. However, these previous designations have limited application in wildlife conservation and management because of a lack of quantitative footing. Additionally, there are still significant differences in the ecological components of some of the basic units. In order to meet the needs of wildlife protection and management, especially the needs of the Second National Survey on Terrestrial Wildlife Resources in China, we carried out national wildlife survey unit zoning, based on Zhang Rongzu＇s ＂Zoogeographical Regions of China＂. In this study, hierarchical clustering was applied to a 5 km × 5 km grid of faunistic and environmental components, based on a comprehensive species distribution dataset, consisting of 262 amphibians, 358 reptiles, 814 birds, and 350 mammals. Our results delineated China into 2 realms, 7 regions, 19 sub-regions, 54 zoogeographical provinces, 239 eco-geographical units, and 310 survey units. Compared to Zhang＇s scheme, the number of realms, regions, sub-regions, and zoogeographical provinces are the same and most of the boundaries are broadly consistent, however, some discrepancies also emerge. To meet the needs of wildlife conservation and management, two hierarchical levels of zoogeographical units were added, namely eco-geographical units and survey units.

关 键 词：野生动物 区划 聚类分析 动物地理 生态地理单元 调查单元 

分 类 号：Q958[生物学—动物学]