中国东北温带针阔混交林植物物种的谱系地理研究进展  

Research progress of phylogeographic studies of plant species in temperate coniferous and broadleaf mixed forests in Northeastern China

作　　者：叶俊伟[1] 袁永革 蔡荔 王晓娟[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海科技馆,上海自然博物馆自然史研究中心,上海200127

出　　处：《生物多样性》2017年第12期1339-1349,共11页Biodiversity Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31600301,41601518);上海市浦东新区科技发展基金博士后资助资金项目;上海科技馆引进人才项目

摘　　要：中国东北温带针阔混交林是暖温带植被与寒温带植被的交错区,是研究第四纪气候变化对遗传格局影响的关键区域。古植被重建研究显示,在末次冰盛期时,针阔混交林向南退缩至25°–30°N之间。然而,谱系地理研究则表明针阔混交林植物在末次冰盛期时可在35°N以北的一个或多个避难所中原地存活。长白山和朝鲜半岛是针阔混交林植物最重要的两个避难所,在其他区域还可能存在多个避难所,最北可达小兴安岭和俄罗斯远东地区。在避难所种群间冰期或冰期后发生扩张的过程中,形成了复杂的遗传多样性分布模式。单个避难所向北扩张的种群历史并不一定导致种群内遗传多样性随纬度升高而显著降低。在多个避难所模式下,种群内遗传多样性一般呈均匀分布。以往研究揭示了第四纪,尤其是末次冰盛期对针阔混交林植物进化历史的影响,但仍主要是乔木成分,且集中于单一物种。因此,东北和南方地区近缘种或姊妹种的适应性进化比较及针阔混交林的群落构建机制检验是未来研究的两个发展趋势。The temperate coniferous and broadleaf mixed forest （TCBMF） in Northeastern China is the contact zone between southern warm-temperate forests and northem cool-temperate forests, and is a key region for studying the influence of Quaternary climate changes on genetic pattems. Vegetation reconstructions have shown the TCBMF has retreated southward to 250-30° N during the last glacial maximum （LGM）. However, phylogeographic studies indicated plants of TCBMF could have survived in one refugium or multiple refugia at 35° N during the LGM. The Mt. Changbai and Korean Peninsula are the two most important refugia for the TCBMF, and other refugia may also exist, of which the northernmost ones would reach the Xiaoxing＇an Range and Russian Far East. The interglacial or postglacial expansion from refugia resulted in complicated distribution patterns with respect to genetic diversity. The northward population expansion from one southern refugium does not necessarily cause a significant decrease in inter-population genetic diversity as latitude in- creases. Inter-population genetic diversity always shows a uniform distribution in plants which have multiple refugia. Although previous studies have shown the influence of the quatemary, especially the LGM, on the evolutionary history of plants in the TCBMF, these studies have concentrated on tree species and mainly focused on one species. Therefore, adaptive evolution of closely-related species or sibling species between Northeast and South China, and the mechanisms driving community assembly are two directions for future studies.

关 键 词：针阔混交林 第四纪 避难所 遗传多样性 生态位模型 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]