关键基因和相关激素在植物胚胎发生前后期的作用  

Roles of Key Genes and Relevant Plant Hormones in the Early and Late Stages of Plant Embryogenesis

作　　者：赵方东 李麟坤 何旭升 曾会明[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学林学院,北京100083

出　　处：《生物技术通报》2017年第12期30-36,共7页Biotechnology Bulletin

基　　金：国家"863计划"项目(2013AA102607)

摘　　要：虽然LEAFY COTYLEDON 1-LIKE与LEAFY COTYLEDON1同为LEAFY COTYLEDON1型的AHAP3亚基,但是与主要在胚胎发育晚期发挥重要作用的LEAFY COTYLEDON1不同,LEAFY COTYLEDON 1-LIKE在体细胞胚胎发育的早期具有把营养阶段的细胞转化为胚胎期细胞的能力。而与LEAFY COTYLEDON类基因同样具有特异性B3结构域的LEAFY COTYLEDON2转录因子,能够通过IPA-YUC生长素合成途径参与在体细胞组织中创造胚胎发生的环境。除此之外,LEAFY COTYLEDON2还通过调节ABA/GA的比例来促进胚胎的发生及其发育。胚胎晚期的WUSCHE和SHOOTMERISTEMLESS的表达相互独立但又协调的维持SAM的功能,独立于WUSCHE基因表达的KNOX途径与激素的交互作用,能够维持胚胎茎顶端分生组织中高浓度的CK和低浓度的GA环境,有利于WUSCHE-CLAVATA途径响应于CK持续产生干细胞。综上所述能够提高对胚胎发生分子调控网络的认识,在未来更深入的胚胎发生研究中奠定分子基础。Both LEAFY COTYLEDON 1-LIKE and LEAFY COTYLEDON1 are AHAP3 subunit of the LEAFY COTYLEDON1 type,but LEAFY COTYLEDON 1-LIKE is capable of converting the cells of vegetable stage into the cells of embryo periods in the early stages of somatic embryogenesis,differing from the LEAFY COTYLEDON1 that plays an important role in the early stages of embryonic development. LEAFY COTYLEDON2,which has the same specific B3 domain as the LEAFY COTYLEDON gene,can participate in creating the environment of embryogenesis in somatic tissue by IPA-YUC auxin synthesis pathway. Besides,LEAFY COTYLEDON2 promotes the occurrence and development of embryos by regulating the ratio of ABA/GA. The expression of WUSCHE and SHOOTMERISTEMLESS is independent but coordinated to maintain the function of shoot apical meristem（SAM）. The KNOX pathway that is independent from the WUSCHE expression but interacts with plant hormone can maintain the environment of high-concentration CK and low-concentration GA for embryonic SAM,which is beneficial to the pathway of WUSCHE -CLAVATA responding to CK and continuously produce stem cells. In summary,it is feasible to improve the understanding of the molecular regulation network of embryogenesis,and to lay the molecular basis for further studying embryogenesis.

关 键 词：LEAFYCOTYLEDON类基因 体细胞胚 WUSCHE SAM 植物激素 

分 类 号：Q943.2[生物学—植物学]