不同助产技术对产妇盆底功能的影响  

Influences of different midwifery techniques on pelvic floor function of puerperas

作　　者：孙敏[1] 龚晶晶[2] 邢丽莉[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学人民医院妇产科,北京100044 [2]北京大学人民医院产房,北京100044

出　　处：《护理学杂志》2017年第24期28-30,共3页Journal of Nursing Science

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划(2015BAI13B06)

摘　　要：目的探讨不同助产技术对产妇盆底功能的影响,确定对产妇盆底功能损伤最小的助产技术。方法将产科阴道分娩产妇242例随机分为会阴侧切组(行会阴切开术,手掌合并用大鱼际肌贴在会阴体部保护会阴)95例,传统助产组(无侧切,手掌合并用大鱼际肌贴在会阴体部保护会阴)86例和无创助产组(单手控制胎头娩出速度,不扶持会阴体)61例。结果无创助产组产后压力性尿失禁及性功能障碍发生率显著低于会阴侧切组和传统助产组(均P<0.0125),且产后2h出血量显著少于会阴侧切组(P<0.05)。结论无创助产技术有利于减轻产妇盆底功能损伤,提高产妇生活质量。Objective To explore the influences of different midwifery techniques on pelvic floor function of puerperas, and to identify one of the midwifery technique causing least trauma to pelvic floor function. Methods Totally 242 puerperas by vaginal delivery were randomized into an episiotomy group （underwent episiotomy, and protected perineum by flattening muscle of thenar with palm merging against perineal body） with 95 cases, a traditional midwifery group （without episiotomy, protected perineum by flattening muscle of thenar with palm merging against perineal body） with 86 cases and a noninvasive midwifery group （controlled fetal head delivery speed with one hand, without supporting perineal body） with 61 cases. Results The incidence of postpartum stress u rinary incontinence and sexual dysfunction of the noninvasive midwifery group were significantly lower than those of the episiotomy group and traditional midwifery group （P〈0. 0125 for all）, and the postpartum 2 h blood loss volume was significantly less than that of the episiotomy group （P〈0.05）. Conclusion The noninvasive midwifery technique is conducive to alleviate trauma to pelvic floor function of puerperas, and improve their quality of life.

关 键 词：助产技术 盆底肌力 压力性尿失禁 产后性功能障碍 

分 类 号：R473.71[医药卫生—护理学]