海南岛饰纹姬蛙种群的形态变异  

Morphological variation of Microhyla fissipes on Hainan Island

作　　者：李玉龙[1,2] 王循刚 付磊 束潇潇 王斌 江建平[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院山地生态恢复与生物资源利用重点实验室,生态恢复与生物多样性保育四川省重点实验室,中国科学院成都生物研究所,成都610041 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《应用与环境生物学报》2017年第6期1135-1141,共7页Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31471964);中国科学院重点部署项目(KJZD-EW-L13)资助~~

摘　　要：揭示海南岛饰纹姬蛙(Microhyla fissipes)种群的形态特征变异及环境在此过程中所发挥的作用,于2016年6月和8月在海南岛共采集到饰纹姬蛙19个种群372只成体标本,测量其7个外部形态性状,并采用聚类分析、主成分分析、Wilcoxon秩和检验和非参数多元方差分析等方法进行比较.结果表明:(1)除儋州种群外,种群头体长大体呈现由西南向东北逐渐增大的趋势;(2)层次聚类及主成分分析结果表明这19个种群可分为2组,即东北组和西南组,而东北组的头体长显著大于西南组,且两组在其他形态量度性状上均差异显著;(3)6月份和8月份采集的群体中,雄性形态差异显著,而雌性形态差异不显著.以上形态差异状况可能是由海南岛独特的南北生态差异所造成,食物资源及捕食压力可能是促进饰纹姬蛙种群朝着更加大型化方向发展的生态因素;本研究结果有助于揭示这一广布物种的形态变异规律及其与生态环境的关系.The aims of this study were to reveal the morphological variation patterns of Microhyla fissipes on Hainan Island of China, and to understand the effects of ecological environments on the body size of this species. We collected 372 adult individuals of 19 M. fissipes populations from Hainan Island in June and August 2016, and we assessed seven morphological characters. We used hierarchical clustering and principal component analysis （PCA） to evaluate the morphological variation patterns and relationships. In addition, we used the Wilcoxon rank sum test and nonparametric MANOVA to determine significant differences among groups. With the exception of the Danzhou population, the body size of M. fissipes on Hainan Island increased from southwest to northeast. The results of hierarchical clustering and PCA revealed that the 19 populations were clustered into two groups—the northeastern group and the southwestern group—bounded by the Wuzhi and Yinggeling Mountains. All morphological characters of the northeastern group were significantly larger than those of southwestern group. In addition, the morphological characters of populations collected in June and August differed significantly among males but not among females. We propose that the geographic gradient in body size is related to the unique topographical and climatic condition of Hainan. Food resources and predation pressures may be ecological factors that promote the development of M. fissipes populations towards a larger body size. Our findings will help to elucidate the morphological variation of this widespread species.

关 键 词：饰纹姬蛙 形态差异 地理梯度 海南岛 

分 类 号：Q954[生物学—动物学]