林下植被对土壤微生物群落组成与结构的影响  

The effects of understory vegetation on soil microbial community composition and structure

作　　者：张坤 包维楷[1,2] 杨兵[1,2] 胡斌[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院成都生物研究所,成都610041 [2]中国科学院山地生态恢复与生物资源利用重点实验室,生态恢复与生物多样性保育四川省重点实验室,成都610041 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《应用与环境生物学报》2017年第6期1178-1184,共7页Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31470023)资助~~

摘　　要：植被和土壤微生物是生态系统的重要组成部分,研究二者之间的联系对森林经营管理和生态恢复实践具有重要的指导意义.目前相关研究主要集中于乔木层对土壤微生物的影响,林下植被层对土壤微生物的潜在作用常被忽视.本文从林下植被对土壤微生物群落组成与结构的影响及其作用机理两个方面进行总结:(1)林下植被对土壤微生物有重要的影响,其作用结果有正面、负面和没有影响几方面;(2)作用途径为通过分泌物和凋落物归还的质与量等直接影响土壤微生物群落结构和组成,也通过影响土壤微气候环境、土壤营养有效性和p H、改变乔木层和其他土壤微生物类群而间接影响土壤微生物;(3)在林下植被对土壤微生物影响的研究中,试验方法多采用磷酸脂肪酸(PLFA)法,而最新土壤微生物的测定方法(如高通量测序等)应用较少.今后林下植被影响土壤微生物群落的研究重点在于(1)提高土壤微生物测定方法的准确性;(2)扩展研究方向;(3)与应用方面相联系.Vegetation and soil microbial community are important components of an ecosystem, the linkage between them may provide critical guidance for scientific research and ecological restoration practice. However, studies concerning plant–soil feedback have traditionally concentrated on overstory vegetation, and the effects of understory vegetation on the soil microbial community have been rarely studied. In this paper, we summarized the effects and the related interactional mechanism via which understory vegetation influenced soil microbial communities. Literature analysis showed that （1） understory vegetation has a significant influence on the soil microbial community, and understory vegetation has positive, negative, or no effect on soil microbes; （2） understory vegetation affects soil microbial community either by the return of quality and quantity of litter and secretion directly or by influencing the microclimate environment, soil nutrients, and pH values, and changing overstory vegetation and other soil microorganisms. Phospholipid fatty acid （PLFA） analysis is the most common measurement method applied in studies on the effects of understory vegetation on the soil microbial community, but few new measurement methods such as the high-fluxed DNA sequencing technology are applied. In the future, research into the effects of understory vegetation on the soil microbial community shall be focused on the following three aspects： 1） increasing the accuracy of measurement methods for soil microbes, 2） expanding the directions of research, and 3） dealing with applications.

关 键 词：林下植被 土壤微生物 群落结构 植物与土壤反馈 

分 类 号：S714.3[农业科学—林学]