5%氟唑活化酯乳油对西瓜甜瓜白粉病的诱导抗病效果评价  

Effect and evaluation of the field efficacy test of 5% fluoro-substituted benzothiadiazole derivatives EC to watermelon and melon powdery mildew

作　　者：张晓慧 谢学文[1] 李宝聚[1] 张涛 石延霞[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所,北京100081 [2]北京市植物保护站,北京100029

出　　处：《果树学报》2018年第1期101-107,共7页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2016YFD201010);中国农业科学院科技创新工程(CAAS-ASTIP-IVFCAAS);农业部园艺作物生物学与种质创制重点实验室(IVF2016)

摘　　要：【目的】通过田间药效试验评价新型诱导抗病激活剂5%氟唑活化酯EC对西瓜甜瓜白粉病的诱导抗病效果,为合理使用5%氟唑活化酯EC提供依据。【方法】采用叶面喷雾法对西瓜甜瓜进行诱导施药,分别于2016年及2017年在北京顺义杨镇、北京延庆县康庄镇小丰营村及北京市海淀区中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所所区农场3地7个点进行田间西瓜甜瓜白粉病的诱导抗病试验。【结果】综合2 a(年)多的试验发现,5%氟唑活化酯EC对西瓜甜瓜白粉病的诱导抗病效果随质量分数增大有增高趋势,随施药次数增多有增高趋势。对于甜瓜白粉病,100、50和25 mg·kg^(-1)的5%氟唑活化酯EC诱抗效果显著高于杀菌剂40%氟硅唑EC;对于西瓜白粉病,100、50 mg·kg^(-1)的5%氟唑活化酯EC诱抗效果显著高于杀菌剂40%氟硅唑EC。但100、50 mg·kg^(-1)质量分数下有药害问题,产量也会受到影响。5%氟唑活化酯EC在质量分数为10 mg·kg^(-1)、诱导5次、诱导间隔期7 d条件下,对西瓜白粉病的诱导抗病效果最好,为97.5%,与对照诱导抗病激活剂苯并噻二唑(BTH)及杀菌剂42.8%氟菌·肟菌酯悬浮剂无显著差异。5%氟唑活化酯EC在质量分数10 mg·kg^(-1)、诱导5次、诱导间隔期7 d条件下,对甜瓜白粉病的诱导抗病效果最好,为63.89%。5%氟唑活化酯EC在质量分数10 mg·kg^(-1)、诱导5次、诱导间隔期7 d条件下,对西瓜白粉病的诱导抗病效果最好,为69.16%。【结论】5%氟唑活化酯EC对西瓜甜瓜白粉病有较好的诱导抗病效果,其最佳诱导质量分数为10~25 mg·kg^(-1),最佳诱导次数为5次,可以取代杀菌剂施用,效果与BTH等同。[Objective] Watermelon and melon are fruits with high economic value, and the diseases will affect the plant yields in seedling and adult periods, resulting in economic losses. The powdery mildew is a common disease in watermelon and melon production. Currently, the fungicides are commonly used to prevent and control this disease. However, the improper use of fungicides caused environmental pollution and drug resistance. The activator capable of inducing disease resistance is a new type of pesticide with low dosage, good effect and wide use, which has broad application prospect. Fluoro-substituted benzothia- diazole derivatives （FBT）, a new kind of activator capable of inducing disease resistance with intellectual property right in China, which is in primary research stage and needs more field experiment data to verify its effect. In this study, the effects of resistance to watermelon and melon powdery mildew were studied to provide experimental basis for the rational use of 5% fluoro-substituted benzothiadiazole derivatives EC [Methods] In 2016, to the screening experiments of 5% FBT inducing conditions was conducted in Yang town Shunyi district and Kangzhuang town Yanqing district in Beijing. The leaf spraying method was used in this study. The concentration of 5% fluoro-substituted benzothiadiazole derivatives EC was set as follow： 100, 50, 25, 10 mg. kg-l. The seedlings were sprayed every 7 days and for 3 times continuously. The induction times of 5% fluoro-substituted benzothiadiazole derivatives EC was set as follow： 3, 5 and 7 times. The seedlings were sprayed every 7 days at concentration of 25 mg·kg^-1. Then, the assay of 5% fluo- ro-substituted benzothiadiazole derivatives EC optimal application conditions was conducted in Institute of Vegetable Flower Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences. The concentration of 5% fluoro- substituted benzothiadiazole derivatives emulsifiable concentrater EC was set as 10 mg·kg^-1, the seedlings were sprayed every 7 days and for 5 times continu

关 键 词：西瓜 甜瓜 白粉病 氟唑活化酯(FBT) 诱导抗病效果 

分 类 号：S65[农业科学—果树学]