昆明中心城区夏秋季大气VOCs的污染特征及来源解析  

On pollution characteristics and sources apportionment of ambient VOCs in summer and autumn in Kunming

作　　者：刘寅[1] 向峰[1,2] 韩新宇[1] 施择[2] 王成辉 黄云[2] 史建武[1] 宁平[1] 

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学环境科学与工程学院,云南昆明650500 [2]云南省环境监测中心站,云南昆明650032

出　　处：《云南大学学报（自然科学版）》2018年第1期104-112,共9页Journal of Yunnan University(Natural Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(21667014;21567012;21207055);云南省科技厅社会发展科技计划项目(2012CA016)

摘　　要：2014年7月和10月,在昆明市中心城区东风广场采样点用苏玛罐采集了大气VOCs样品,并且利用气相色谱-质谱联用仪(GC-MS)对大气中57种VOCs进行分析.结果表明:昆明夏季和秋季大气中VOCs的日平均质量浓度分别为(14.95±3.91)μg/m^3和(45.48±6.26)μg/m^3,夏季各类VOCs对臭氧生成潜势(OFP)的贡献率表现为:烷烃>烯烃>芳香烃,秋季各类VOCs对总OFP的贡献率表现为:芳香烃>烯烃>烷烃.源解析结果显示:昆明中心城区夏季大气VOCs的最主要来源为工业过程源,贡献率为40.59%,其次为交通工具尾气排放(19.33%),溶剂使用(19.19%),LPG/NG和汽油挥发(10.02%).秋季大气中VOCs最主要来源为工业过程源,其贡献率为32.34%,其次为溶剂使用源和LPG/NG挥发(27.68%),交通工具尾气排放(23.26%)和汽油挥发(8.12%).A set of VOCs samples from Dongfeng Square of Kunming have been collected at July and October 2014, and 57 selected VOCs have been analyzed by GC-MS.Average concentrations of VOCs in summer and autumn which were（14.95±3.91） μg/m^3 and （45.48±6.26）μg/m3 respectively.In summer,alkanes contributed the most total OFP ,followed by alkenes and aromatics.In autumn, aromatics makes up the most total OFP ,followed by alkenes.Alkanes all makes up the least in OFP in summer and autumn.In summer,40.59% of the total VOC con- centrations are attributed to industrial production, 19.33% to vehicle related emissions, 19.19% to solvent usage and 10.02% to LPG/NG and gasoline evaporation.In autumn,32.34% of the total VOC concentrations are attributed to industrial production,27.68% to solvent usage and LPG/NG evaporation,23.26% to vehicle related emissions and 8.12% to gasoline evaporation.

关 键 词：VOCS 高原城市 臭氧生成潜势(OFP) 污染来源解析 

分 类 号：X511[环境科学与工程—环境工程]