地方政府债务膨胀的历史比较研究  

A Historical Comparative Study of Local Government Debt Expansion

作　　者：马金华 刘锐[2,1] 

机构地区：[1]中央财经大学财政税务学院 [2]中国计量科学研究院

出　　处：《中央财经大学学报》2018年第1期3-11,共9页Journal of Central University of Finance & Economics

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“清代财政转型与国家财政治理能力研究”(项目编号：15ZDB037); 中财--鹏元地方财政投融资研究所的资助

摘　　要：中国历史上地方政府债务膨胀的两个典型时期是民国时期(1912—1943年)和分税制改革后的20年(1994—2014年)。笔者旨在对两段时期地方政府债务膨胀做一比较研究,认为两阶段地方政府债务膨胀存在相似之处:即中央地方财政分配关系不合理、地方税体系不完善都是主要成因;地方政府债务发行与当地经济发展具有强的相关性;中央政府都出台一系列相关文件加强地方债的规范,但两时期地方债务膨胀又在举债主体,债务投向,担保模式,债务结构,发行程序,融资模式,偿债模式等方面表现不同。总结两时期地方债膨胀的异同点,并对现阶段地方政府债务管理提出启示和建议,提出处理好中央地方财政分配关系、完善地方税体系是解决地方政府债务问题的根本,有利于加快出台《政府债务法》,严格编制好执行好政府债务预算。In the history of Chinese, There are two typical periods about the expansion of the local gov- ernment debt. One is the period of the republic of China （ 1912--1943 ）, the other is twenty years after the reform of the tax system （1994--2014）. The purpose of this paper is to do a comparative study on local gov- ernment debt expansion of two periods. There are similarities between the two stages of local government debt inflation： the unreasonableness of the central and local fiscal distribution relations and the imperfection of the local tax system are the main causes. Local government debt issuance is strongly correlated with local economic development. The central government has issued a series of related documents to strengthen local government bonds. Local debt expansion in the two periods has been different in the form of debt, debt orientation, guar- antee mode, debt structure, issuance procedure, financing mode and debt repayment mode. The paper sum- marizes the differences and similarities on local government debt expansion during the two period, and puts forward revelations and suggestions for local government debt management at the present stage. This paper puts forward that handle distribution of local finance relations, perfecting local tax system is the fundamental to solve the problem of local government debt, speed up the act of government debt, strictly perform good govern- ment debt budget.

关 键 词：地方政府债务 民国 比较研究 

分 类 号：F812.7[经济管理—财政学]