改良液氮冷冻法诱导家兔股骨髁部骨坏死的实验研究  

A modified model of femoral condylar osteonecrosis induced by liquid nitrogen insult in rabbit

作　　者：王财儒 郭征 郑伟[1] 刘达 谢庆云 伍红桦 龚凯 唐影超 尹力[1] 王维[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国人民解放军成都总医院骨科,四川成都610083 [2]空军军医大学西京医院骨科,陕西西安710032

出　　处：《中国矫形外科杂志》2018年第1期60-65,共6页Orthopedic Journal of China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(编号:81171773和51271199);陕西省科技统筹创新工程计划项目(编号:2012KTCG01-14)

摘　　要：[目的]探讨改良液氮冷冻法诱导家兔股骨髁部坏死的有效性。[方法]取成年新西兰大白兔12只,任取一侧为实验侧,使用液氮冷冻枪及自制的冷冻枪头实施液氮冷冻,另一侧设立对照侧;术后4周及8周,对实验侧及对照侧股骨髁部行大体标本观察、X线片及组织学检查,计数各组的空骨陷窝率并进行统计学分析;[结果]术后4周,实验侧股骨髁部表现出明显的坏死变化,包括空骨陷窝数量较对照组明显增加(P<0.05),髓腔内脂肪组织破坏、造血细胞减少,X线片表现为骨质不均一变化。术后8周,空泡骨陷窝数量较对照组进一步增加(P<0.05),坏死骨质开始修复,部分骨小梁出现断裂,有大量纤维组织浸润,破骨细胞沿坏死骨小梁排列,X线片显示骨质不均一变化范围进一步加重。[结论]本改良液氮冷冻法能成功诱导家兔股骨髁部坏死,为后续的股骨头坏死模型建立提供参考。[Objective] To investigate the effectiveness of inducing femoral condylar osteonecrosis by liquid nitrogen insult using a self-designed probe in rabbits. [Methods] In this experimental study, 12 New Zealand rabbits were used. One of fernoral condylar randomly selected in each animal was treated with liquid nitrogen insult by the self-designed probe, while the contralateral femoral condylar underwent sham operation as control. At 4 and 8 weeks after operation, X-ray examina- tion, gross observation and histological examination were per- formed. The percentage of empty lacunae of each group was counted and statistically analyzed. [Results] At 4 weeks, the femoral condylar of the treated sides presented significant os- teonecrosis, including significantly increased numbers of empty lacunae compared with the control group （P〈0.05） , destroyed adipose tissue and decreased hematopoietie eells in the cancellous bone, associated with inhomogeneous changes in X-ray fihns. In addition, the numbers of emply lacunae continuous- ly increased （P〈0.05） , and the trabeeulae became fraetm＇ed accompanied with abundant fibrous tissue infiltration around them at 8 week. Meanwhile, some of the dead trabeeulae were absorbed, which were surrounded with osteoelasts in histological ohser- vation, associated with worsened inhomogeneous variation on X-ray examination. [Conclusion] The liquid nitrogen insults do induee femoral condylar osteoneerosis successfully, which can be used for creation of animal model for the folllowing experiments.

关 键 词：液氮 股骨髁 坏死 兔 

分 类 号：R681.8[医药卫生—骨科学]