3种豆科植物青贮品质比较  

Comparison on Silage Quality of Three Leguminous Plants

作　　者：牟兰[1] 蔡明[1,2] 高月娥[2] 岳信龙 黄必志[2] 

机构地区：[1]兰州大学草地农业科技学院,甘肃兰州730020 [2]云南省草地动物科学研究院,云南昆明650212

出　　处：《河南农业科学》2017年第12期116-121,共6页Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家肉牛牦牛产业技术体系项目(CARS-38);云南省现代农业草产业技术体系项目(2017KJTX0018);公益性行业(农业)科研专项项目(201403049)

摘　　要：为开拓新的蛋白质饲草资源,以紫花苜蓿、楚雄南苜蓿和蚕豆秸秆3种常见豆科植物为材料,研究其在不同贮存时间(30、60、90、120、150、180、210、240 d)的营养成分和发酵参数,比较3种豆科植物的青贮品质。结果显示,随贮存时间延长,蚕豆秸秆干物质含量高于紫花苜蓿和楚雄南苜蓿,尤其在贮存150 d时,蚕豆秸秆的干物质含量达到最高,分别高于紫花苜蓿和楚雄南苜蓿25.24、26.91个百分点;整个贮存过程中,粗蛋白含量表现为紫花苜蓿>楚雄南苜蓿>蚕豆秸秆;酸性洗涤纤维含量和中性洗涤纤维含量方面,贮存30~120 d,基本表现为紫花苜蓿<楚雄南苜蓿<蚕豆秸杆,贮存150~240 d,表现为紫花苜蓿<蚕豆秸杆<楚雄南苜蓿;贮存240 d时,蚕豆秸秆的酸性洗涤纤维含量为22.23%,与同贮存时间紫花苜蓿的酸性洗涤纤维含量相近;pH值在整个青贮时期基本表现为蚕豆秸秆<楚雄南苜蓿<紫花苜蓿,在贮存180 d和240 d时,蚕豆秸秆pH值为3.98和3.85,低于紫花苜蓿和楚雄南苜蓿,并显著低于其他贮存时间;贮存150~240 d,蚕豆秸秆氨态氮/总氮均显著低于紫花苜蓿和楚雄南苜蓿;乳酸含量基本表现为楚雄南苜蓿>紫花苜蓿>蚕豆秸秆;在整个青贮时期,乙酸、丙酸含量总体表现为蚕豆秸秆显著低于紫花苜蓿和楚雄南苜蓿;蚕豆秸秆除在贮存210 d时有少量丁酸产生外,其他贮存时间均无丁酸产生,丁酸含量整体上低于紫花苜蓿和楚雄南苜蓿。因此,综合考虑营养价值和青贮品质,长期贮存下蚕豆秸秆作为饲料资源优势明显。For developing new resources of protein forages,three common leguminous plants( Medicago sativa,Medicago hispida and Vicia faba) were selected in this research,and the silage quality of nutrients and fermentation parameters under different storing times( 30,60,90,120,150,180,210,240 d) were determined. The results showed that with storing time extension,the dry matter content of Vicia faba was higher than that of Medicago sativa and Medicago hispida. And at the 150 d of storage,the dry matter content of Vicia faba reached highest,which was 25. 24 and 26. 91 percentage points higher than that of Medicago sativa and Medicago hispida respectively. The content of crude protein showed as Medicago sativa > Medicago hispida > Vicia faba in the whole storing time. The content of acid detergent fiber and neutral detergent fiber in the pre-storage( 30 to 120 days) basically performed as Medicago sativa < Medicago hispida < Vicia faba,but it showed as Medicago sativa < Vicia faba < Medicago hispida in the storage of 150 to 240 days,escepically at 240 d of storage,the acidic detergent fiber content of Vicia faba was 22. 23%,which was very similar to that of Medicago sativa in the same storage time. During all the storage period,the pH value basically presented as Vicia faba < Medicago hispida < Medicago sativa. At 180 d and 240 d of storage,the pH value of Vicia faba was 3. 98 and 3. 85,which was much lower than that of Medicago hispida and Medicago sativa,and significantly lower than other storage time. Ammonia nitrogen/total nitrogen of Vicia faba was significantly lower than that of Medicago hispida and Medicago sativa( 150—240 d). The content of lactic acid showed as Medicago hispida > Medicago sativa > Vicia faba. The acetic acid and propionic acid content of Vicia faba in the whole storing time was significantly lower than that of Medicago hispida and Medicago sativa on the whole. Vicia faba generated a little butyric acid at 210 d storage,no butyric acid in other storing times. Therefore,taken nutritive value and si

关 键 词：紫花苜蓿 楚雄南苜蓿 蚕豆 青贮品质 

分 类 号：S816.53[农业科学—饲料科学]