不同土壤水分下限对沙培番茄生长发育及前期水分利用率的影响  

Effects of irrigation threshold on the growth and early water use efficiency of tomato on aeolian sandy land

作　　者：裴红霞[1] 崔静英[1] 赵云霞[1] 高晶霞[1] 冯海萍[1] 杨冬艳[1] 谢华[1] 

机构地区：[1]宁夏农林科学院种质资源研究所,宁夏银川750002

出　　处：《甘肃农业大学学报》2017年第6期39-43,共5页Journal of Gansu Agricultural University

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研专项"西北非耕地园艺作物生态高效生产技术研究与示范"(201203095)

摘　　要：【目的】给沙化土条件下番茄的合理灌溉制度提供科学、可靠的灌溉技术参数.【方法】以‘863’番茄为试验材料,采用盆栽试验,共设7个处理,在其初花期及初果期设置不同的土壤水分下限处理,研究番茄初花期及初果期不同土壤水分下限处理对番茄生长指标、生理指标、水分利用率及品质的影响.【结果】随着灌水下限的降低,株高、茎粗都表现出先减小后增大的趋势,说明初花期适当控水可促进番茄根系的发育,对后期植株的生长有一定的促进作用;进入初果期后,水分利用率的峰值出现在75%,水分不宜降得过低,否则易造成减产.【结论】初花期45%~100%的田间持水量、初果期75%~100%的田间持水量,可获得最高的水分利用效率及最高的初期产量.【Objective】To provide scientific and reliable irrigation parameters for the intelligent control system of tomato on aeolian sandy land.【Method】The tomato cultivar‘863'was used as material.The morphological indexes,physiological indexes,yield,fruit quality and water use efficiency were determined under the different soil irrigation threshold during early flowering phase and early fruiting phase in pot experiment.【Result】The results showed that the plant height and the stem diameter firstly increased and then decreased with the lower limit increasing.An appropriately lower irrigation during early flowering phase improved the root system development,which benefited the plant growth later.The peck values present at the range 75% of field capacity.A lower irrigation limited fruiting during early fruiting phase,which could reduce the yield.【Conclusion】The soil moisture kept at 45%~100% and 75%~100% of field water at early flowering phase and early fruiting phase results in the best yield and water use efficiency.

关 键 词：番茄 沙化土 土壤水分下限 产量 水分利用率 

分 类 号：S641.2[农业科学—蔬菜学]