移栽深度及覆膜和培土方式对烤烟产质量形成的影响  

Effects of Transplanting Depth,Film Mulching and Earth up on the Growth,Yield and Quality of Flue-cured Tobacco

作　　者：高卫锴[1] 徐岩 刘海业[2] 王初亮[1] 关罗浩 邓世媛[2] 王维[2] 

机构地区：[1]广东中烟工业有限责任公司,广州510610 [2]华南农业大学农学院,广东广州510642

出　　处：《作物研究》2018年第1期35-41,共7页Crop Research

基　　金：广东中烟工业有限责任公司科技项目(粤烟工15XM-QK[2015]-002)

摘　　要：为探究覆膜方式、移栽深度和培土方式三因素交互效应对烤烟生长发育及产、质量的影响,在云南罗平烟叶产区,以当地主栽品种‘K326’为试验材料,通过大田试验,设置2种覆膜方式(膜上、膜下)、2种移栽深度(20、30 cm)、2种培土方式(培土、不培土)三因素组合,共8个处理,测定烤烟成熟期农艺性状和发病率,成熟期干物质积累量,烤后烟叶化学成分,烤后烟叶经济性状。结果表明:膜上、移栽深度30 cm、培土处理的烤烟成熟期农艺性状优于其他处理,烤烟病害发生最少,烤后烟叶化学成分协调,品质最好,经济性状表现最佳。三因素交互效应对农艺性状、地上部干物质积累量、烤后烟叶化学成分、经济性状各项指标均有极显著影响,但是对茎围无影响。因此,在云南罗平烟叶产区,烤烟的最佳移栽方式为膜上、移栽深度30 cm、培土,这样在提高烟叶产质量的同时,还可以优化烟叶结构,减少病虫害的发生。In order to explore the effects of film mulching,transplanting depth and earth up on the growth,yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco,a field experiment was conducted in Luoping tobacco production area in Yunnan,the treatments included three factors,each of the factors were set two levels,and the main cultivar K236 was used. The agronomic traits,morbidity,dry matter accumulation,chemical composition,and economic traits of the flue-cured tobacco were measured and analyzed. The results showed that the flue-cured tobacco agronomic traits of the treatment of over-film,transplanting depth 30 cm and earth up were better than those of the other treatments,its morbidity was the least and its chemical composition of tobacco leaves was coordinate. The effect of the treatment of over film,transplant depth 30 cm and no earth up was the second. The interaction effects of the three factors were significant on the indexes of the agronomic trails,the dry matter accumulation,the chemical composition and economic trails of flue-cured tobacco,but not stem girth. Therefore,the optimal transplanting mode was over-film,transplanting depth 30 cm and earth up for the tobacco-production area in Luoping of Yunnan,it could improve the quality of tobacco leaves,optimize the structure of tobacco leaves,and reduce the pests and diseases.

关 键 词：烤烟 移栽 覆膜 培土 产质量 

分 类 号：S572.04[农业科学—烟草工业]