不同CO2浓度升高水平对粳稻灌浆速率的影响  

Effects of different levels of elevated CO_2 concentration on grain filling rates of Japonica rice

作　　者：孙文娟[1] 张晨希 刘晓萌 刘超[3] 陈健[3] 胡正华[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院植物研究所,植被与环境变化国家重点实验室,北京100093 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]南京信息工程大学应用气象学院,江苏南京210044

出　　处：《农业现代化研究》2018年第1期148-154,共7页Research of Agricultural Modernization

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(41530533);国家自然科学基金项目(41775152).

摘　　要：为研究不同CO_2浓度升高水平下水稻灌浆速率的变化,以常规粳稻"南粳9108"为试验材料,利用开顶式气室(OTC),设置对照(CK,背景大气),CK+40μmol/mol(CK40)和CK+200μmol/mol(CK200)两个CO_2浓度升高水平,各设4个OTC作为重复。于水稻开花后第10 d开始测定稻穗重,同时观测同穗植株剑叶叶绿素含量(SPAD值),并用Logistic方程拟合逐日穗重,计算灌浆速率。结果表明:Logistic方程能较好的拟合灌浆期穗重的变化。在CK200处理下,水稻灌浆前期(开花后2周左右)穗重高于CK40处理和CK,但其后至成熟期,CO_2浓度升高对穗重无显著影响;CK200处理的最大灌浆速率出现在抽穗后12~14 d,比CK和CK40处理提前了2~3 d;各处理活跃灌浆期的平均灌浆速率无显著差异;不同处理的灌浆速率与剑叶SPAD值均呈现极显著线性正相关关系(P<0.001),CO_2浓度升高下单位叶绿素含量对灌浆速率的促进作用高于对照。To investigate the changes in grain filling rate at different levels of elevated CO2 concentration, a Japonica rice （Oryza sativa L.） ＇Nanjing 9018＇ was grown at three levels of CO2 concentration, i.e., ambient （CK）, CK＋40 μmol/mol （CK40） and CK＋200 p.mol/mol （CK200） by using open-top chambers （OTC）, with four OTCs as replicates for each level of CO2 concentration. We measured panicle weight and chlorophyll content （SPAD reading） of the flag leave during grain filling （from the 10th day since flowering to maturity）. The panicle weight was fitted by logistic function. The rate of grain filling was determined using the fitted logistic function. Results indicated that the logistic equation simulated the panicle weight well during grain filling. Panicle weight in CK200 was higher than that in CK40 and CK during the first two weeks of grain filling at the three CO2 concentration levels, but no significant difference have been detected since then. The maximum grain filling rate in CK200 occurred around 12-14 days after heading and advanced 2-3 days compared with CK40 and CK. There was no significant difference in the mean value of the filling rates among treatments over the active grain filling period. A further investigation showed that grain filling rate was positively correlated with SPAD reading of the flag leaves （P〈0.001） for the three levels of CO2 concentration. Moreover, elevated CO2 concentration in CK40 and CK200 promoted grain filling rate in terms of per unit SPAD value.

关 键 词：水稻 开顶式气室 CO2浓度升高 灌浆速率 叶绿素含量 

分 类 号：S-3[农业科学] S162.53