多功能纳米材料在肿瘤放疗增敏中的应用  

Application of Multifunctional Nanomaterials in Tumor Radiosensitization

作　　者：龚林吉 谢佳妮 朱双 谷战军[1,3] 赵宇亮 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院纳米生物效应与安全性重点实验室,中国科学院高能物理研究所,北京100049 [2]中国科学院纳米科学卓越创新中心,国家纳米科学中心,北京100190 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《物理化学学报》2018年第2期140-167,共28页Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(2016YFA0201600,2016YFA0202104,2015CB932104),国家自然科学基金(31571015,11621505,11435002,21320102003)及中国科学院青年创新促进会基金(2013007)资助

摘　　要：放射治疗是利用放射线治疗肿瘤的一种局部治疗方法,目前已成为临床上最常用、最有效的恶性肿瘤治疗手段之一。但放射治疗仍存在辐射剂量高、对健康组织副作用大,特别是肿瘤细胞放射抵抗性强等缺点。随着纳米医学的发展,多功能纳米放疗增敏剂为增强肿瘤细胞放射敏感性、提高放疗效果提供了新机遇。本文结合纳米材料在放疗增敏中的优势和潜能,概括了纳米放疗增敏剂的主要类型和目前已进入临床实验的一些实例,简述了多功能纳米放疗增敏剂在肿瘤放射治疗中的应用,并归纳了纳米材料增敏放疗的主要途径和影响因素。最后总结和展望了多功能纳米放疗增敏剂面临的挑战和发展前景。Radiation therapy kills tumor cells via focused high energy radiation, and has become one of the most common and effective clinical treatments for malignant tumors. However, some limitations restrict its clinical efficacy, including a requirement for elevated doses of radiation, side effects due to exposure of healthy tissue, and especially radioresistance of tumor cells. With the development of nanomedicine, multifunctional nanoradiosensitizers offer a new route to improve the efficiency of radiation therapy. In this paper, we summarize the main types of nanoradiosensitizers and their applications in radiation therapy, especially those that have currently entered clinical trials. We also summarize the main approaches to nanomaterials-based radiosensitization, and discuss the factors influencing their application. Finally, the challenges and prospects of multifunctional nanoradiosensitizers are presented.

关 键 词：放射治疗 纳米放疗增敏剂 放疗增敏机制 纳米医学 

分 类 号：O644[理学—物理化学]