高强铝合金的激光选区熔化成形研究现状  

Research Status of Selective Laser Melting of High Strength Aluminum Alloy

作　　者：朱海红[1] 廖海龙[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学武汉光电国家实验室,湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《激光与光电子学进展》2018年第1期16-22,共7页Laser & Optoelectronics Progress

基　　金：国家自然科学基金((61475056);国防973项目(613281);上海航天科技创新基金(SAST2016044)

摘　　要：随着轻量化、结构功能一体化的强劲需求,高强铝合金复杂精密零件在航天航空等领域应用广泛,但因其焊接性能和铸造性能差,传统加工方法难以制备。激光选区熔化成形(SLM)技术是制备该类零件的最有前景的新方法。高强铝合金对激光吸收率低、热导率高、易氧化、含大量易烧损合金元素,有很强的热裂倾向,成形难度极大,因此目前其SLM成形技术远落后于其他材料。但是由于其广阔的应用前景,近几年发展迅速。总结了国内外高强铝合金激光选区熔化成形的研究现状、发展趋势及存在的主要问题。With the strong demand of lightweight, structural and functional integration, high strength Al-alloy complicated precision parts are widely used in aerospace and other fields. But due to its poor welding and casting performance, it is difficult to be prepared by conventional techniques. Selective laser melting （SLM） is the most promising method to achieve the high demand requirements for producing such parts. High strength Al-alloy has many disadvantages such as low absorption rate of laser, high thermal conductivity, easy oxidation, containing abundant easy burning loss of alloy elements, which has a strong hot cracking tendency. It is hard to be formed, so its SLM forming technology lags far behind other materials. Despite all that, SLM-processing of high strength Al- alloy is developing rapidly in recent years because of its broad application prospect. This paper summarizes the research status, development trend and the main problems of high strength Al-alloy SLM at home and abroad.

关 键 词：激光技术 激光选区熔化 高强铝合金 热裂纹 异质形核 

分 类 号：TN204[电子电信—物理电子学]