江东区2型糖尿病患者流感疫苗持续接种的影响因素分析  

An analysis on the influencing factors of the consecutive influenza vaccination among patients with type 2 diabetes in Jiangdong District

作　　者：赵磊[1] 袁月荣[1] 孙灵英[1] 董芬[1] ZHAO Lei;YUAN Yue-rong;SUN Ling-ying;DONG Fen(The Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Jiangdong District,Ningbo,Zhejiang 315000,China)

机构地区：[1]宁波市江东区疾病预防控制中心,浙江宁波315000

出　　处：《预防医学》2018年第2期125-129,共5页CHINA PREVENTIVE MEDICINE JOURNAL

基　　金：浙江省预防医学会免疫规划软课题项目(2016YF04);浙江省基层卫生软科学研究项目(2016JC06)

摘　　要：目的了解宁波市江东区2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者流感疫苗持续接种情况及其影响因素。方法通过比对辖区各街道社区卫生服务中心接种门诊的成人预防接种流感疫苗个案登记和浙江省慢性病监测管理信息系统的T2DM患者信息,纳入2013/2014、2014/2015、2015/2016和2016/2017年度接种流感疫苗且于2013年8月之前患病的269例城区户籍T2DM患者,进行流感疫苗接种情况问卷调查,采用Ordinal回归模型分析患者流感疫苗持续接种的影响因素。结果调查对象流感疫苗接种率为0.95%,2013/2014、2014/2015、2015/2016和2016/2017年度流感疫苗接种率分别为0.74%、0.82%、1.04%和1.13%,呈逐年上升趋势(P<0.01)。接种流感疫苗1次、2次、3次和4次的患者分别为163、52、35和19例,分别占60.60%、19.33%、13.01%和7.06%。Ordinal回归分析结果显示,<66岁的T2DM患者流感疫苗持续接种可能性低于≥76岁的(OR=0.542,95%CI:0.310~0.948),小学及以下、中学文化程度的患者持续接种可能性均低于专科及以上的(OR小学及以下=0.436,95%CI:0.253~0.752;OR中学=0.438,95%CI:0.265~0.724),发病至首次接种时间间隔为0~<3年的患者持续接种可能性高于≥9年的(OR=2.509,95%CI:1.412~4.459)。结论 T2DM患者流感疫苗接种情况不理想,高龄、文化程度高和新发病的T2DM患者流感疫苗持续接种可能性更大。Objective To investigate the consecutive influenza vaccination situation among the patients with type 2 diabetes andthe influencing factors. Methods Based on the influenza vaccination information obtained from the vaccination case registrationsof the adult vaccination clinic in all the street community health service centers in Jiangdong District and the information ofpatients with type2 diabetes derived from the chronic disease monitoring management information system of Zhejiang Province.Atotal of 269 urban household registration patients suffered from diabetes mellitus before August 2013 and had the influenzavaccination in 2013/2014,2014/2015,2015/2016 and 2016/2017 were ensured and analyzed by the ordinal regression analysisto explore the influencing factors of the consecutive influenza vaccination among the patients with type 2 diabetes. Results Theinfluenza vaccination rates among the patients with type 2 diabetes in 2013/2014 （0.74%）,2014/2015 （0.82%）,2015/2016（1.04%） and 2016/2017（1.13%） were increasing year by year（χ^2trend=11.663,P=0.001） with the annual rate of 0.95%. Theonce,twice,three and four times of the influenza vaccination accounted for 60.60% （163 patients ）,19.33% （52 patients ）,13.01% （35 patients ） and 7.06% （19 patients ）,respectively. The ordinal regression analysis showed that patients below theage of 66 （OR=0.542,95%CI：0.310-0.948 ） and patients with a primary and middle school degree（ORprimary=0.436,95%CI：0.253-0.752;ORmiddle=0.438,95%CI：0.265-0.724） were all more likely to cease the vaccination. Patients who get thefirst time vaccination after be diagnosed in three years（OR=2.509,95%CI：1.412-4.459） were more likely to get immunized continuously. Conclusion The influenza vaccination rates among patients with type2 diabetes were low. The patients aged 76years old and above,witha higher degree and newly diagnosed were more likely to accept the consecutive influenza vaccination.

关 键 词：2型糖尿病 流感疫苗 持续接种 影响因素 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学] R511.7[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]