模拟氮沉降增加对长白山红松和水曲柳菌根真菌群落结构及多样性的影响  

Effects of Nitrogen Addition on Mycorrhizal Fungi Community Structure and Diversity of Pinus koraiensis and Fraxinus mandshurica in Changbai Mountain

作　　者：郭伟[1] 耿珍珍[1] 陈朝 李晴 杨颜熙 申思 金大明 王存国[1] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学农学院,辽宁沈阳110161

出　　处：《生态环境学报》2018年第1期10-17,共8页Ecology and Environmental Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31500354);中国博士后基金项目(2016M601343)

摘　　要：与植物形成共生关系的菌根真菌在调节森林生态系统养分循环等方面具有重要作用,而在全球氮沉降的背景下,菌根真菌群落结构及其多样性改变将深刻影响其功能作用的发挥。以长白山阔叶红松林外生菌根树种红松(Pinus koraiensis)和内生菌根树种水曲柳(Fraxinus mandshurica)为研究对象,采用高通量测序技术测定0~10 cm和10~20 cm土壤层菌根真菌群落组成和多样性,探讨其对6年模拟氮沉降增加的响应特征。结果表明,红松和水曲柳菌根真菌主要由子囊菌门(Ascomycota)和担子菌门(Basidiomycota)组成。常见属主要有微皮伞属(Marasmiellus)、红菇属(Russula)、丝盖伞属(Inocybe)、蜡壳菌属(Sebacina)、小菇属(Mycena)和乳菇属(Lactarius)等;优势属包括粒毛盘菌属(Lachnum)、红菇属(Russula)、乳牛肝菌属(Suillus)。经过6年施N,0~10 cm土壤层红松(121 vs.96)和水曲柳(190 vs.130)菌根真菌属的数量明显降低;0~10 cm和10~20 cm土壤层水曲柳菌根真菌多样性显著提高,Shannon、Observed-species和PD-whole-tree指数平均值分别提高了1.4、1.6、2.5倍(0~10 cm)和1.6、1.4、1.7倍(10~20 cm);而施N只提高了10~20cm土壤层红松菌根真菌多样性,各指数平均值分别提高了1.5、1.4和1.4倍。因此,6年模拟N沉降增加显著改变了长白山阔叶红松林中红松和水曲柳菌根真菌群落结构,并且不同土壤层次水曲柳和红松菌根真菌群落组成和多样性的响应存在明显差异。在全球N沉降增加背景下,该研究结果有助于更深入理解和准确预测温带森林树种菌根真菌在生态系统养分循环中生态功能的变化特征。Mycorrhizal fungi, forming a symbiosis relationship with plants, plays an important role in regulating forest ecosystem carbon and nutrient cycling. The increasing global nitrogen deposition will greatly affect the mycorrhizal fungi community and its diversity and thus affect their regulations on ecological functions. In this study, we conducted a six-year nitrogen-addition experiment in broad-leaved Korean pine forest of Changbai Mountain, aiming to reveal the effects of nitrogen addition on mycorrhizal fungi community composition and diversity of Pinus koraiensis （ectomycorrhiza species） and Fraxinus mandshurica （endomycorrhiza species） using high throughput sequencing. Our results demonstrated that the mycorrhizal fungi of F. mandshurica and P. koraiensis were primarily comprised by members of Ascomycota and Basidiomycota. The main common genera were Marasmiellus, Russula, Inocybe, Sebacina, Mycena and Lactarius, while the dominant genera were Lachnum, Russula and Suillus. Six-year nitrogen addition significantly decreased the genus number of mycorrhizal fungi of P. koraiensis （121 vs. 96） and F. mandshurica （190 vs. 130） in 0~10 cm soil but increased mycorrhizal fungal diversity. For F. mandshurica, nitrogen addition significantly increased mycorrhizal fungal diversity of in 0~10 cm and 10~20 cm soil by 1.4, 1.6, 2.5 times （0~10 cm） and 1.6, 1.4, 1.7 times （10~20 cm） expressed as Shannon, Observed-species and PD-whole-treeindex, respectively. For P. koraiensis, nitrogen addition only increased Shannon, Observed-species and PD-whole-tree index by 1.5, 1.4 and 1.4 times in 10~20 cm soil. Therefore, six-year N addition significantly changed the mycorrhizal fungi community structure. The changes in community composition and diversity of P. koraiensis and F. mandshurica also differed between 0~10 cm and 10~20 cm soil. Our results can provide a scientific basis for further thoroughly understanding and predicting the ecological functions of mycorrhizal fungi in carbon and nutri

关 键 词：水曲柳 红松 菌根真菌 物种组成 多样性 群落结构 

分 类 号：Q143.2[生物学—生态学] X17[生物学—普通生物学]