旱区不同熟性棉花品种各器官干物质积累及产量构成差异特征  

Dry matter and yield component of cotton cultivars differing in maturity in the drought region

作　　者：张金龙[1] 董合林[2] 陈国栋[1] 胡守林[1] 王雪[1] 赵盼盼 孙勇 万素梅[1] 

机构地区：[1]塔里木大学植物科学学院,新疆阿拉尔843300 [2]中国农业科学院棉花研究所棉花生物学国家重点实验室,河南安阳455000 [3]阿克苏市农业技术推广中心,新疆阿克苏843000 [4]新疆生产建设兵团第一师六团,新疆阿拉尔843300

出　　处：《干旱地区农业研究》2017年第6期78-82,123,共6页Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas

基　　金：国家棉花产业技术体系棉花高产栽培岗位(CARS-18-17);塔里木大学校长基金(TDLH201501)

摘　　要：2015年选择早熟品种豫早9110、中早熟品种中植棉2号、中熟品种中棉所12,3个常规棉花品种(系)在南疆塔里木棉区种植,研究其不同器官干物质积累及产量情况。从不同熟性来看,单株干物质积累总量表现为中早熟(173.91 g)>中熟(167.84 g)>早熟(158.45 g);单株营养器官干物质积累总量表现为早熟(84.51 g)>中早熟(76.61 g)>中熟(73.70 g);单株生殖器官干物质积累总量表现为中早熟(97.30 g)>中熟(94.15 g)>早熟(73.94 g);RAR值(生殖器官与营养器官干物质比值)表现为中熟(1.28)>中早熟(1.27)>早熟(0.87);皮棉产量表现为中早熟(1 735.8 kg·hm^(-2))>中熟(1 679.2 kg·hm^(-2))>早熟(1 199.8 kg·hm^(-2))。综合分析认为,中早熟品种中植棉2号单株干物质量最大(173.91 g),干物质平均积累速率较快(1.16 g·株-1·d-1),为产量的形成奠定了基础,中熟品种中棉所12次之,早熟品种豫早9110不太适合在塔里木棉区种植。根据试验结果并结合生产实践认为:在目前种植条件下,中早熟品种中植棉2号更适合在南疆塔里木棉区种植。In 2015,we selected early maturing cultivars Yuzao 9110,middle early maturity cotton cultivars in Zhongzhimian 2,medium maturity cultivars Zhongmiansuo 12,three conventional cotton varieties( lines) in the Tarim Basin of south Xinjiang cotton planting area to survey the dynamics of dry matter accumulation and yield formation. Results showed the order of dry matter accumulation per plant: the middle early( 173. 91 g),medium( 167.84 g),early maturity( 158.45 g). Dry matter accumulation in vegetative organ per plant of cotton cultivars was in the order of the early( 84.51 g) >middle early( 76.61 g) >medium maturity( 73.70 g),while that in reproductive organ was the middle early( 97.30 g) >medium( 94.15 g) >early maturity( 73.94 g),RAR was the medium( 1.28) >middle early( 1.27) >early maturity( 0.87) and lint yield was the middle early( 1 735.8 kg·hm^(-2)) >medium( 1 679.2 kg·hm^(-2)) >early maturity( 1 199.8 kg·hm^(-2)). Comprehensive analysis that middle early maturity cultivar Zhongzhimian 2 was fast in per plant stem quality and dry matter average accumulation. And the early maturity cultivar( Yuzao 9110) were not suit for the Tarim Basin. Collectively,it could be concluded that the middle early maturity cultivar Zhongzhimian 2 is the suitable cotton cultivars for planting in Tarim Basin of South Xinjiang.

关 键 词：棉花 品种 熟性 干物质 产量 南疆 

分 类 号：S562[农业科学—作物学]