基于扫频激振法——研究润滑油黏度等级对滚动直线导轨副阻尼器减振性能的影响  

Effect of oil viscosity grade on the mechanical vibration of a damping carriage for linear rolling guide based on the sweep excitation method

作　　者：丁胜鹏 欧屹[1] 柯楠[1] 冯虎田[1] DINGShengpeng;OUYi;KENan;FENGHutian(School of Mechanical Engineering,Nanjing University of Science and Technology,Nanjing 210094,China)

机构地区：[1]南京理工大学机械工程学院,南京210094

出　　处：《振动与冲击》2018年第1期60-65,共6页Journal of Vibration and Shock

基　　金：国家重大科技专项(2013ZX04008-031)

摘　　要：通过扫频激振法研究共振频段下润滑油的黏度等级对滚动直线导轨副阻尼器减振性能的影响。首先,对导轨阻尼装置进行动力学建模,通过动力学分析说明了导轨阻尼器的油膜减振原理以及润滑油的黏度等级与导轨阻尼器减振性能的关系。然后,创新性地搭建了基于扫频激振法的导轨阻尼器试验平台,在四种不同黏度等级的油润滑条件下,对导轨阻尼装置进行正弦扫频激振,采集导轨阻尼装置的振动响应信号并进行模态分析,得到导轨阻尼装置的三阶模态。最后,对比三阶模态对应频段下润滑油黏度等级与导轨阻尼装置振动加速度的关系曲线,验证了润滑油黏度等级越高,导轨阻尼器减振性能越强的结论。另外,试验发现:随着润滑油黏度等级的提高,导轨阻尼器减振性能增加的趋势逐渐降低,当黏度等级超过ISO 70后,增加润滑油黏度等级对导轨阻尼器减振性能的提高作用不大。研究成果为导轨阻尼器在实际工况下选用何种黏度等级的润滑油提供了指导性的作用,并且扫频激振法的使用为机床行业研究导轨阻尼器的减振性能提供了一种新的思路。The relationship between the oil viscosity grade and mechanical vibration of a damping carriage for linear rolling guides was examined based on the sweep excitation method. A dynamic vibration model was proposed to analyze the correlation between the oil viscosity grade and the damping characteristics. Meanwhile,a sweep excitation experimental platform was constructed. The experimental tests were performed on the DS45 EA damping carriage,lubricated with the mineral oil of four different viscosity grades（ ISO 22,46,68 and 150）. The response signals of the damping carriage,collected by the PROSIG P8020,were processed through spectrum analyses in three resonant frequency bands. It is proved that the vibration of damping carriage decreases as the oil viscosity increases. Furthermore,the rate of the vibration descent turns to be slow with the oil viscosity increasing,and the vibration magnitude of the damping carriage approaches a constant when the viscosity grade exceeds ISO 70. The results provide a guide to choose the proper oil viscosity for the damping carriage,which is significant for the better performance of linear rolling guides as well as CNC machine tools.The using of sweep excitation method provides a new idea for the study of the damping performance of the damping carriage for linear rolling guides.

关 键 词：振动 扫频 润滑 动力学分析 滚动直线导轨副 阻尼器 

分 类 号：TH132[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TB53[理学—物理]