白鹤滩水电站坝肩边坡爆破振动对周边民房影响评价及控制  

Assessment and control of the blasting vibration effect on local residences during the excavation of abutment slope in the Baihetan project

作　　者：邹玉君 严鹏[1,2] 刘琳[3] 周天刚[4] 卢文波[1,2] 陈明[1,2] ZOUYujun;YANPeng;LIULin;ZHOUTiangang;LUWenbo;CHENMing(State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072, China;Key Laboratory of Rock Mechanics in Hydraulic Structural Engineering Ministry of Education,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072, China;Hubei Urban Construction Vocational and Technological College,Wuhan 430205, China;China Three Gorges Corporation,Beijing 100000,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学水资源与水电工程科学国家重点实验室,武汉430072 [2]武汉大学水工岩石力学教育部重点实验室,武汉430072 [3]湖北城市建设职业技术学院,武汉430205 [4]中国长江三峡集团公司,北京100000

出　　处：《振动与冲击》2018年第1期248-258,共11页Journal of Vibration and Shock

基　　金：国家自然科学基金杰出青年基金项目(51125037);国家自然科学基金面上项目(51179138)

摘　　要：爆破振动对周边民房的影响评价及控制对保证工程顺利实施和减少纠纷具有重要意义。通过对白鹤滩水电站右岸坝肩以上边坡开挖线附近民房的调查及分类,制定了监测方案;基于房屋爆破振动破坏机理和国内外的爆破振动控制标准,推荐了本工程的安全控制标准;通过长期跟踪监测,对爆破振动的影响范围及程度进行了分区,分析了不同类型房屋的振动响应,并给出了相应的振动控制措施。研究表明,可将比例距离小于90 m/kg1/3的范围定义为严重影响区,而90~150 m/kg1/3的范围定义为一般影响区,大于150 m/kg1/3的范围定义为轻微影响区。通过对振动能量的分析,建议适当控制爆破规模以降低房屋开裂风险;适当增大预裂爆破装药线密度以提高预裂爆破效果,同时严格控制最大单响药量是控制边坡爆破开挖振动对周边民房影响的最为直接有效的措施。The assessment and control of the blasting vibration effect on local residences have great significance to guarantee the successful engineering construction and decrease the dispute between inhabitants and construction companies. According to the inspection and classification of local residences above the right dam abutment slope in Baihetan hydropower station,monitoring schemes were determined. Based on the study on the failure mechanism of residential structures due to blasting vibration,the safety control standards of blasting vibration were recommended by combining the domestic and overseas corresponding criterions. Through longtime tracking monitoring,the influenced zone was divided by the influenced degree of blasting vibration,and the vibration responses of different types of residences were analyzed. It is concluded that for the areas from which the scaled distances to the blast center are less than 90 m/kg1/3,between 90 —150 m/kg1/3 and greater than 150 m/kg1/3,the influenced degree will be,successive,severe,general and slight. According to the analysis of the vibration energy,the blasting scale should be controlled in order to reduce the cracking risk of residential structures. Moreover,reasonably enlarging the linear charge density of pre-splitting holes to improve the pre-splitting blasting effect and meanwhile strictly restricting the maximum explosive charge weight of presplitting holes are the direct and effective measures to control the blasting vibration influences on local residences.

关 键 词：白鹤滩水电站 坝肩边坡 爆破振动 控制标准 影响评价 

分 类 号：TU235[建筑科学—建筑设计及理论]