农户农药施用行为及其影响因素——来自鲁、晋、陕、甘四省693份经济作物种植户的经验证据  

Behavior of economic crop growers' pesticide application and the influencing factors

作　　者：李昊[1] 李世平[1] 南灵[1] 赵连杰 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学经济管理学院,杨凌712100

出　　处：《干旱区资源与环境》2018年第2期161-168,共8页Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(15XJY010);陕西省国土资源厅项目(K332021305和K332021306)资助

摘　　要：为深入分析经济作物种植户农药施用行为及其影响因素,并克服现有研究方法的缺陷,以山东、山西、陕西和甘肃四省693份经济作物种植户微观调查数据为基础,运用贝叶斯多变量和单变量Probit模型对种植户农药施用行为影响因素进行分析。结果表明:1)与多变量Probit模型相比,单变量Probit模型并未考虑种植户施药行为间的关联性,造成估计结果偏误。2)影响种植户施药行为的关键因素为受教育程度、风险规避、家庭人数、种植年限、农业收入占比、农药施用技术培训和农药残留检测。在农药施用政策的制定中,应考虑种植户不同施药行为间的关联。此外,应建立健全农村农业保险体系,拓宽种植户收入渠道,强化施药技术培训并提高施药监管力度,从而规范种植户不合理施药行为,形成对食品安全和农业环境改善的源头治理。For analyzing the behavior of pesticide application for economic crop growers and its influencing factors,and for overcoming the shortcomings of existing research methods,we analyzed the key factors that drove farmers＇ pesticide application behavior by using Bayesian Multivariate and Univariate Probit Model. The empirical data contains 693 economic crop growers coming from Shandong,Shanxi,Shaanxi and Gansu provinces. The results showed that,ignoring the relationship among different behaviors can bring bias to the estimation of Bayesian univariate Probit model. The key factors influencing farmers＇ pesticide application behavior are education level,risk aversion,family numbers,planting years,agricultural income ration,pesticide application technical training and pesticide residue detection. Based on empirical results,It is proposed that pesticide application policy making should take relationship between different behaviors into account; the rural agricultural insurance system should be established and improved,income channels should be broaden for growers,pesticide application technical training be reinforced and the supervision of pesticide application for farmers be increased,so as to regulate the irrational spraying behavior of growers,ensure food security and improve the agricultural environment.

关 键 词：农药施用行为 影响因素 贝叶斯估计 经济作物种植户 

分 类 号：F301[经济管理—产业经济]