内战前美国黑人从事捕鲸业对废奴运动的影响  

Influence of the Antebellum American Blacks Engaged in Whaling on the Abolition Movement

作　　者：张宏宇[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院研究生院,北京102488

出　　处：《福建师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2018年第1期118-126,共9页Journal of Fujian Normal University:Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition

摘　　要：捕鲸业是早期美国重要的经济产业,对美国发展起到了巨大作用,而黑人是美国捕鲸业繁荣发展的基础之一。布扎兹海湾地区的捕鲸港口深受贵格会废奴思想的影响,因此许多黑人以此作为重要目的地,捕鲸业则给予这些黑人自由和工作机会。黑人投身捕鲸业推动了捕鲸港口城市化,促进了美国捕鲸业的发展,最为重要的是,美国黑人从事捕鲸业对废奴运动的发展具有重要作用。首先,黑人从事捕鲸业赚取了大量财富,为参与废奴运动提供了物质基础;其次,黑人从事捕鲸业激发了黑人对平等权利的追求,为废奴运动提供了思想基础;最后,黑人从事捕鲸业引起了白人对黑人的同情和尊重,促使许多白人投身于废奴运动。Whaling is an important economic industry in the early America,which has played a huge role in the development of the United States. Black is one of the foundations of the American whaling industry. Because of the influence of Quaker abolitionist thought,whaling port in Buzzards Bay became an important destination for slaves,and the whaling industry provided blacks with freedom and job opportunities. A large number of black people into the whaling industry had an important impact on the urbanization of whaling ports and the development of whaling in the United states at that time,but the most important is that black Americans engaged in whaling played an important role in the development of the abolition movement. First of all,black people engaged in whaling earned a lot of wealth,and provided a material basis for participating in the abolition movement. Secondly,the black people engaged in the whaling industry stimulated the pursuit of equal rights for blacks,and provided the ideological basis for the abolition movement. Finally,blacks engaged in the whaling industry aroused white sympathy and respect for blacks,prompting many whites to participate in the abolition movement.

关 键 词：捕鲸业 黑人 贵格会 废奴运动 分红制度 

分 类 号：K712.43[历史地理—历史学]