福建省水土流失的时空变化  

Temporal and Spatial Variation of Soil Erosion in Fujian Province

作　　者：曾舒娇 汪小钦[1] 陈贤干 王振平 林敬兰 陈善沐 

机构地区：[1]福州大学空间数据挖掘与信息共享教育部重点实验室福建省空间信息工程研究中心,福建福州350002 [2]福建省水土保持试验站,福建福州350003

出　　处：《水土保持通报》2017年第6期305-312,320,共9页Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划课题"南方红壤水土流失综合监测"(2013BAC08B01);福建省高校产学研重点项目"集成多重时空分辨率的县域水土流失遥感协同监测"(2017Y4010);中央引导地方发展专项(2017L3012)

摘　　要：[目的]对福建省1990—2015年的水土流失进行动态监测和时空变化分析,为该区水土保持工作提供科学参考。[方法]以福建省为研究区域,基于USLE水土流失方程,结合GIS,RS等技术开展研究。[结果](1)福建省境内以轻度流失为主,水土流失主要分布在西部和东南部,中部和北部分布较少,在空间上呈现出东南沿海向西北内陆减少的趋势,25a来以轻/中度流失与微度流失的相互转化为主。(2)1990—2015年,福建省水土流失面积总体呈减少趋势,共减少了3 825.55km2,以轻度流失面积减少为主,尤其在2010年后,水土流失面积减少加快。相对于内陆地区,沿海地区水土流失改善明显。[结论]25a来福建省水土流失总体情况改善明显,水土流失治理取得了显著的成效。[Objective]To provide scientific basis for soil and water conservation,the dynamic monitoring and temporal and spatial variations of soil erosion in Fujian Province from 1990 to 2015 were studied.[Methods]Choosing Fujian Province as a study area,combined with GIS and RS technologies,the research was carried out based on USLE model.[Results]（1） The soil erosion intensity of Fujian Province was general light.The soil erosion areas were found primarily in the western and southeastern of Fujian Province and less in central and northern parts.As to the spatial variation of soil erosion,a decreasing trend from the southeast coastal area to the northwest inland area was found existed.During the past 25 years,the transfer of soil erosion intensity mainly occurred between the light/moderate erosion and slight erosion.（2） From 1990 to 2015,the area of soil erosion reduced by 3 825.55 km2 totally,which was mainly covered by light erosion intensity.Especially after 2010,the area of soil erosion showed a faster shrink.Meanwhile,soil erosion in coastal areas got improvement more evidently than the erosion in inland areas.[Conclusion]The improvement of soil erosion in Fujian Province was obvious during the past 25 years,which showed significant benefits in soil erosion control.

关 键 词：水土流失 时空变化 USLE 福建省 

分 类 号：S157.1[农业科学—土壤学]