从变革性研究到变革性创新:概念演变与政策启示  

From Transformative Research to Transformative Innovation:Evolution of Concept and Implication for Policy

作　　者：梁正[1,2] 邓兴华[1,2] 洪一晨 

机构地区：[1]清华大学公共管理学院 [2]清华大学中国科学技术政策研究中心 [3]中国人民大学公共管理学院

出　　处：《科学与社会》2017年第3期94-106,共13页Science and Society

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目"颠覆性创新项目资助管理机制比较研究"(L1624034)

摘　　要：从模仿、跟踪向原创、引领转变,是我国科技发展迈入新阶段的重要标志,也是落实创新驱动发展战略、建设创新型国家的必然选择,受到科技管理部门的高度关注。当前,相关学术讨论、政策建议与规划文本中对此类研究的概念界定尚不清晰,使用上存在一定的混淆,部分影响到了相关建议和政策的针对性与可操作性,亟需厘清和深化。本文回顾了以美国科学基金会(NSF)为代表的相关机构与学者对"变革性研究"这一重要范畴的提出、发展与演变脉络,变革性研究与变革性创新之间的联系与区别,界定了变革性研究的概念、内涵与特征,分析了从变革性研究到变革性创新转变的必然性及其深远影响。在此基础上,就科技管理部门,特别是科研资助机构如何激发、识别与评估真正符合变革性研究与创新理念的研究项目,总结了相关政策启示。The transformative research are the major bridge to engage the original ideas and break-throughs on research into building the innovative country,carry out the Innovation-Driven Development Strategy,and adapt to the shift of science and technology development stages from imitation to creation,from following up to leading forward,which already become one of the major concerns of the science and technology administrations in China.At present,the academic discussion,policy advice and planning are vague and maneuver in the using of the concepts of transformative research and related words,which would impact the accuracy of policy suggestions as well as their effectiveness and needs to be clarified explicitly.In the paper,we traced the origin and the evolution of the concept of transformative research by retrospecting the evolving history of which,based on literatures of scholars and institutes such as National Science Foundation（NSF）of US.The characteristics and the differences between transformative research and transformative innovation are well investigated;the necessity and implication of the change from transformative research to transformative innovation are also further explored.The discussion here might shed some light for the policy maker to address the new ideology on ST development,especially the paradigm of fundamental research,and help the funding agency to encourage,identify,review and evaluate projects with innovative and transformative potentials.

关 键 词：变革性研究 变革性创新 概念演变 政策启示 

分 类 号：G327.12[文化科学]