曲靖中海拔烟区不同土壤类型烤烟品质的差异比较  

Comparison of Flue-cured Tobacco Quality among Different Soil Types in Middle Altitude Region of Qujing

作　　者：高云 卢秀萍[2] 许自成[1] 解燕[3] 

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学烟草学院,河南郑州450002 [2]云南省烟草农业科学研究院,云南玉溪653100 [3]云南省烟草公司曲靖市公司,云南曲靖655000

出　　处：《土壤通报》2017年第6期1449-1456,共8页Chinese Journal of Soil Science

基　　金：国家烟草专卖局科技攻关项目(110200801036);中国烟草总公司云南省公司科技攻关项目(06A05;2011YN03)资助

摘　　要：以云烟85为试验材料,分析了云南省曲靖市中海拔烟区主要植烟土壤红壤、水稻土和紫色土常规化学性质、烟叶化学成分、协调性指标、感官评吸品质的差异。结果表明:(1)总体上看,所有土壤类型的pH值和水溶性氯均在最适烤烟生长范围内,土壤有机质、全氮、碱解氮、速效钾含量十分丰富,全磷、速效磷居中等水平,全钾含量整体缺乏;有机质、总氮、碱解氮含量水稻土最高,紫色土最低。(2)烟碱含量由低到高为紫色土<红壤<水稻土;总糖与还原糖含量、糖碱比、两糖差值由高到低为紫色土>红壤>水稻土;不同类型土壤之间,烟叶的总糖、总氮、钾、氯、淀粉、石油醚提取物、香气量、杂气、余味、灰色、总分、劲头、甜度和干燥感均成极显著差异,燃烧性、浓度和香型差异显著,而香气质、刺激性、成团性和柔和性差异不显著。(3)总的来看,紫色土产出的烤烟化学成分较为协调,烟叶评吸质量较好,烟气特征指标较适宜,清香型风格特征较为突出。This study analyzed the differences in the chemical components,coordination indexes and sensory smoking quality of flue-cured tobacco leaves among different soil types in the middle altitude region of Quijin City,Yunnan Province.The results showed that：（1） pH values and the contents of water soluble chlorine in different soil types were within the optimal range for growth of the flue cured tobacco.The contents of organic matter,total nitrogen,alkali nitrogen and rapid available potassium in soils were abundant.The contents of total phosphorus and rapid available phosphorus were in the nedium level,while the contents of total potassium was generally scarce.Tthe contents of organic matter,total nitrogen and alkali nitrogen were the highest in Red Soil but were the lowest in Purple soil.（2）Nicotine contentsin the flue cured tobacco leaves produced in different soil types decreased in the order of Purple SoilRed Soilpaddy soil.The contents of total sugars and reducing sugars,sugar to nicotine ratio,and the difference between the two sugars were in the order of Purple SoilRed Soilpaddy soil.Extremely significant differences were found among the contents of total sugar,total nitrogen,potassium,chlorine,starch and petroleum ether extract.Significant differences were found between aroma,offensive odor,aftertaste,gray,total score,momentum,sweetness and dryness,flammability,concentration and flavor,while no significant difference existed among aroma quality,irritation,agglomeration and softness.（3） In general,the flue cured tobacco leaves planted in Purple Soil had the most harmonious chemical components,best smoking quality and appropriate smoke gas characteristics indicators as well as the most prominent fragrant style characteristics.

关 键 词：烤烟 土壤类型 化学成分 评吸质量 烟叶品质 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]