村镇低层砖混商铺房屋振动台试验与有限元分析  

Shaking table test and numerical study on rural low brick-concrete storefront

作　　者：周铁钢[1] 王宇恒 赵世超 

机构地区：[1]西安建筑科技大学土木工程学院,陕西西安710055

出　　处：《西安建筑科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2017年第6期796-803,共8页Journal of Xi'an University of Architecture & Technology(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划课题(2014BAL06B03);陕西省重点科技创新团队计划(2014KCT-31)

摘　　要：村镇低层砖混商铺房屋由于施工粗糙、抗震构造措施不齐全,往往在遭遇地震时破坏严重.为了研究该类型房屋的抗震性能,根据典型调查,制作了1/2缩尺房屋模型,进行模拟振动台试验.试验表明:模型的破坏集中于背立面底层墙体和两侧面墙体底部,其中窗间墙及窗洞角部破坏最为严重;8.5度设防水准地震作用下,一层窗间墙严重开裂,其X向层间位移角增大明显;模型基本满足7度设防"小震不坏、中震可修、大震不倒"的抗震设防要求,但建议对8度及以上地区已建房屋的薄弱部位进行有效加固,对新建房屋在背立面设置构造柱.其次,通过ANSYS/LS-DYNA有限元软件对原型结构进行了不同设计条件下的地震反应分析,以便探索此类房屋能够满足抗震安全性能的基本设计要求.结果表明:提高砂浆强度能有效提高模型的抗震性能;针对不同设防烈度地区应合理规定开洞率限值,以避免过度削弱墙体;构造柱能有效约束住墙体,增强结构的整体性,但应避免第二层背立面设置的构造柱刚度过大.The rural low brick concrete storefront was often damaged severely in earthquake due to its rough construction and incomplete seismic structural measures. In order to study its seismic capacity ,according to the typical survey, 1/2 scale model was made and shaking table seismic simulated test was carried out . Shaking table test results show： The destruction of the model is focused on the back wall of the first layer and the bottom of the two side walls, but the most serious damage occurs in wall between windows and corner of the windows . The wall between windows cracked severely under the 8.5 intensity fortification earthquake along with more increase of its ＂X＂ story drift. The model can help achieve the design objective of ＂operational under small earthquakes, repairable damage under medium earthquakes, and collapse prevention under severe earthquakes＂ under the magnitude 7 earthquake . However ,it is suggested that effective reinforcement measures should be taken for the weakness area of existing building under 8 degree and above and tie columns be made in the back wall of new building. Moreover, the prototype structure was analyzed under different design conditions by ANSYS/LS-DYNA so as to explore the basic design requirement of rural low brick-concrete storefront which can satisfy safety demands of seismic resistance. Results show： Improving the strength of mortar can effectively improve the seismic performance of the model. According to different earthquake magnitude, the ratio of holes should be limited reasonably to avoid excessive damage to the wall. The structural column can restrain the wall and enhance the integrity of the structure, but the structural column of the back wall in the second layer should avoid larger rigidity.

关 键 词：村镇商铺房屋 振动台试验 有限元分析 抗震设计 

分 类 号：TU361[建筑科学—结构工程] TU317.1