遂宁市禽流感职业暴露人群血清学和环境监测结果分析  

Serological and Environmental Monitoring of Avian Influenza on Occupational Exposure in Suining

作　　者：马超[1] 杨继红[1] 

机构地区：[1]遂宁市疾病预防控制中心,四川遂宁629000

出　　处：《预防医学情报杂志》2018年第1期44-49,共6页Journal of Preventive Medicine Information

摘　　要：目的对遂宁市禽流感职业暴露人群血清学和环境监测结果进行分析,为遂宁市禽流感防控提供科学依据。方法对2011年、2014-2015年遂宁市禽流感职业人群血清H5N1抗体检测结果和流行病学调查结果,以及外环境标本禽流感病毒核酸检测结果进行分析。结果 200份职业人群血清学检测结果均为阴性。流行病学调查有10例(5.0%)近1个月接触过病死禽,仅有3例采取了防护措施;接触方式最多为喂养(103例,28.85%)和清扫禽舍(80例,22.41%);大部分人员接触种类为1种(78例,39.0%)或2种(99例,49.50%)。170份外环境样本核酸检测总阳性率为17.65%,其中H9亚型阳性率为11.76%,H5阳性率为2.35%,未分型阳性率为3.53%。阳性率最高的年份、场所和标本类型为2014年(25.0%)、城乡活禽市场(71.43%)、宰杀或摆放禽肉案板表面的擦拭标本(55.00%)。结论遂宁市禽流感职业人群血清监测未发现阳性结果,但职业人群防护意识较差;外环境检测H9阳性率最高,主要分布城乡活禽市场,应针对重点场所进行防控并加强职业人群的健康教育。Objective To explore the serological and environmental monitoring results of avian influenza on occupational exposure in Suining city and provide scientific evidence for the avian influenza prevention and control in Suining city. Methods The results of H5N1 avian influenza antibody detection and epidemiological survey among occupational exposure population. Additionally, the results of the avian influenza virus nucleic acid in the outer environment were analyzed in Suining city in 2011 and 2014 -2015. Results All 200 serological samples among the occupational exposure population were negative. Epidemiological survey indicated that 10 cases （5%） had contacted with dead pouhry in nearly a month, and only 3 cases have taken protective measures. Most of exposure modes were feeding （103 cases, 28.85% ） and cleaning poultry house （80 cases, 22.41% ） with 1 （78 cases, 39% ） or 2 （99 cases, 49.50% ） contact ways. The total positive rate of nucleic acid detection in 170 samples was 17.65%, and the positive rate of H9 subtype was 11.76%, the positive rate of H5 was 2.35% , and the positive rate of undifferentiated type was 3.53% , the highest positive rate of the year, places and samples was in 2014 （25.0%）, urban and rural living poultry market （71.43%）, the surface wipe samples of killing or put the poultry chopping board （55.00%）. Conclusion No positive sample was found in the serological monitoring of avian influenza among occupational exposure population in Suining city, but the occupational population protection awareness was poor. The highest positive rate of H9 was detected in the external environment, mainly distributed in the urban and rural live poultry market. It should be focused on the prevention and control in key sites and strengthened on the health education of the professional population.

关 键 词：高致病性禽流感 职业暴露人群 监测 

分 类 号：R183.3[医药卫生—流行病学]