不同季节垃圾填埋场周围重金属污染特征及评价  

Pollution characteristics and evaluation of heavy metals around landfill in different seasons

作　　者：李鹏辉 邹晓燕[1] 楼婕 于珍凤 李金磊 张洪武[1] LI Penghui;ZOU Xiaoyan;LOU Jie;YU Zhenfeng;LI Jinlei;ZHANG Hongwu(Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China;College of the Environment ＆ Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院城市环境研究所,厦门361021 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]厦门大学环境与生态学院,厦门361102

出　　处：《环境化学》2018年第1期41-50,共10页Environmental Chemistry

基　　金：环保公益性行业科研专项(201509054)资助~~

摘　　要：采集漳州市某生活垃圾填埋场周围冬夏两季的地表水(包括渗滤液)、土壤以及植物样品,分析9种重金属总量的季节性变化.结果表明,冬季地表水中Zn和As,土壤和植物中的Cd和As的含量均大于夏季,而夏季波动性强于冬季;夏季渗滤液中总Hg的含量明显高于冬季,其余变化不明显.地表水重金属含量均低于地表水环境质量Ⅴ类标准限值,渗滤液中所有重金属含量均低于污水排放二级标准限值.土壤中重金属Cd、As和Pb的污染最重,已达到重度污染,冬季的污染明显高于夏季.冬季植物富集能力强于夏季,细叶芒对Cd的富集能力较强,可作为重金属污染修复的先锋植物.The concentrations of 9 heavy metals in the surface water （including leachate）, soil and plant samples around a landfill located in Zhangzhou City were analyzed to investigate the variation of the total amount of heavy metals with seasons. Results showed that the total concentrations of Cd, As in the soil and plant and Zn, As in the surface water were higher in winter than in summer, while the variation in summer was stronger than that in winter. The content of total Hg in leachate in summer was significantly higher than that in winter, while the other heavy metals changed little. The contents of all heavy metals in the surface water and leachate samples were lower than the Fifth class of National Surface Water Environmental Quality Standard and the second class of Wastewater Discharge Standard, respectively. The pollution of Cd, As and Pb in soil was more severe than other heavy metals and reached the degree of serious pollution, especially in winter which was obviously heavier than in summer. The ability of plant enrichment in winter was stronger compared with that in summer, and the Miscanthus sinensis cv could be used as the pioneer plant for heavy metal pollution due to its stronger accumulation ability to Cd in the future.

关 键 词：垃圾填埋场 季节 重金属污染 评价 植物富集 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X825