2016年春季湖南一次连续冰雹天气过程个例分析  

A case study of alasting hail weather process in Hunan in Spring 2016

作　　者：周长青 徐冬英 徐靖宇 唐明晖 

机构地区：[1]湖南省气象台,长沙410118 [2]湖南省人工影响天气领导小组办公室,长沙410118

出　　处：《气象研究与应用》2017年第4期22-26,I0004,共6页Journal of Meteorological Research and Application

基　　金：湖南省气象局预报员专项(XQKJ16C014)

摘　　要：利用高空、地面观测资料及郴州站多普勒雷达产品,对2016年3月19日至20日发生在湘南地区的一次连续冰雹个例进行分析,结果表明:500hPa高空有低槽东移,700hPa中低空有急流,中低层切变线,丰富的水汽,上干下湿的结构及地面辐合线等为本次冰雹天气的发生提供了有利的水汽、动力和热力条件,风雹天气均出现在大气层结不稳定区(T_(850-500)≥25℃,T_(700-500)≥15℃、上干下湿)与干线、地面辐合线重叠的区域;大于60dBZ强回波、明显而持久的三体散射及旁瓣回波特征、大于55 kg.m^(-2)的VIL以及中气旋等多普勒雷达回波特征为本次冰雹的识别和预警提供了重要指示作用。Based on the aerological sounding data, surface observation data, and Doppler radar data of Chenzhou, a hailstorm case occurred in southern Hunan fromMarch19,2016 to March 20,2016 was analyzed.The results showed that,500hPa had a low trough moving eastward; besides, a jet stream was in the middle and lower levels of 700hPa.The middle-low level shear line,the abundant water vapor,the unstable stratificationswhich had a dry upper layer and a wet lower layer,and surfacemesoscale convergence line provided good potential conditions for the occurrence and development of the hailstorm. Hail weather occurredin the overlap area of the unstable atmosphere （T850-500 ≥ 25℃,T700-500 ≥ 15℃）,the dry line, and the surface mesoscale convergence line; more than 60dBZ reflectivity factor,the obvious lasting TBSS （three-body scatter spike） and side lobe echo, more than 55 kg.m-2 vertical integrated liquid （VIL）,and mesocyclone provided an important indicator for the identification and warning of the hail.

关 键 词：多普勒雷达 冰雹 三体散射 旁瓣回波 

分 类 号：P458.121.2[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]