贵州梵净山区域两次大暴雨天气综合分析  

The analysis of the two heavy rainstorms in the Fanjing Mountain of Guizhou Province

作　　者：方标 

机构地区：[1]贵州省江口县气象局,贵州江口554400

出　　处：《气象研究与应用》2017年第4期39-44,I0002,共7页Journal of Meteorological Research and Application

基　　金：基于多普勒雷达速度产品的梵净山区域短时强降水预报预警技术研究(黔科合[2016]支撑2813)资助

摘　　要：利用常规观测资料、区域自动站降雨资料、NCEP1°×1°分析资料、雷达回波资料,对2014年5月24~25日和2015年5月14~15日梵净山区域两次暴雨天气过程的暴雨环流形势、影响系统、物理量诊断及雷达回波等方面进行诊断分析。结果表明:这两次暴雨过程均是受高空槽、中低层低涡切变共同影响所导致,较强的西南暖湿水汽输送为暴雨的发生提供了水汽条件;两次暴雨过程冷空气影响的路径不相同,垂直上升运动的条件也有差异,"5.14"过程垂直上升运动更弱,但它产生暴雨的强度却更强,这说明物理量诊断不一定都能满足强降水发生的条件;"列车效应"的出现、对流发展旺盛的回波稳定少动常常会导致暴雨的出现。By using the conventional observation data, the regional automatic station rainfall data, NCEP 1°x 1 analysis data, radar data, this paper carried on the diagnostic analysis to the two rainstorm weather process occurred on 24th to 25th May, 2014 and 14th to 15th May, 2015, respectively. Diagnosis and analysis are mainly based on the circulation situation, the influence system, the physical quantity diagnosis, and radar echo of the rainstorm. The results indicated that the two rainstorm processes are caused by the upper trough and the low vortex shear in middle and low levels. The strong moisture transport in the Southwest provided the water vapor for the occurrence of rainstorm. In addition, the influence paths of cold air in the two rainstorm processes were different, and so as the conditions of vertical ascending motion, for instance, the vertical motion of the ＂5.14＂ process was weaker while its intensity was stronger, which suggested that physical quantity diagnosis cannot always meet the condition of heavy rainfall. The appearance of the ＂train effect＂ and the stabilization of the strong convective developing echo often lead to the occurrence of rainstorm.

关 键 词：暴雨 物理量诊断 雷达回波 地形作用 

分 类 号：P458.121.1[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]