基于显微CT研究施肥方式对砂姜黑土大孔隙结构的影响  

Effects of fertilization mode on macropore characteristics of the Shajiang black soil (vertisol) based on computed tomography (CT) images

作　　者：蔡太义[1,2] 张佳宝[1] 张丛志[1] 黄会娟[2] 白玉红[3] 赵占辉 李太魁[4] 

机构地区：[1]封丘农田生态系统国家试验站/土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室/中国科学院南京土壤研究所,南京210008 [2]河南理工大学,焦作454000 [3]河南省科学院能源研究有限公司,郑州450008 [4]河南省农业科学院,郑州450008

出　　处：《干旱区资源与环境》2017年第12期143-149,共7页Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目"砂姜黑土孔隙的全谱识别与调控机理"(41671225);河南省科技攻关项目"不同外源有机物对砂姜黑土土壤团聚体及空隙结构的影响"(162102310422);土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室开放基金课题"基于同步辐射微CT研究有机物料对砂姜黑土的改良效应"(Y052010019)资助

摘　　要：施肥方式是改善砂姜黑土大孔隙结构的重要措施之一。本研究选取中国科学院与河南省人民政府合作的"砂姜黑土改良"长期施肥定位试验平台(河南省西平县)的3个处理:CK(对照,秸秆还田)、SC(常规施用化肥)和SM处(施有机肥),运用显微CT扫描田间原状土柱,采用Image J 1.51K软件及其插件对土壤孔隙结构进行三维重建,定量研究了不同施肥方式下土壤孔隙数量、形态和空间变化特征。结果表明:砂姜黑土孔隙度和土壤孔隙数量变化趋势一致。土壤总孔隙度变化顺序为SM>CK>SC。其中,SM处理不同土层孔隙数量最多,空间变异也最大;CK处理次之,SC处理居最后。SM和CK处理的分形维数最高,土壤孔隙结构复杂且稳定,SC处理分形维数较低,孔隙结构相对简单。SM处理综合表现较优,是砂姜黑土结构改良的一种推荐施肥方式。Fertilization is one of the important measures to improve the pore structure of Shajiang black soil. In this study,three treatments： CK（ control,straw returning）,SC（ conventional fertilizer） and SM（ organic fertilizer） were selected for the long-term fertilization and positioning test platform（ Xiping County,Henan Province）,which cooperated with the People＇s Government of Henan Province and the Chinese Academy of Sciences.The soil pore structure was reconstructed by Image J1. 51 K software and its plug-in. The number,shape and spatial variation characteristics of soil pores in different fertilization modes were studied quantitatively by using computed tomography（ CT） images. The results indicated that the porosity and soil pore size of Shajiang black soil had similar trends. The change order of soil total porosity was SM CK SC,among them,the number of soil pore and spatial variability were the highest in SM treatment,while it was medium in the CK treatment,and the lowest in the SC treatment. SM and CK had the highest fractal dimension,and its soil pore structure was complex and stable,SC fractal dimension was lower,and its pore structure was relatively simple. It is suggested that the application of manure（ SM treatment） is a recommended practice to achieve a good improvement effect for Shajiang black soil,and the fractal dimension can be used as an evaluation index of fertilization effect in this area.

关 键 词：土壤孔隙 施肥方式 砂姜黑土 显微CT 分形维数 黄淮海平原 

分 类 号：S152.4[农业科学—土壤学]